A Level History: The Tudors - Henry VIII

Who was Henry VIII’s father?

Henry VII

Who was Henry VIII’s mother?

Elizabeth of York

When did Henry VIII come to the throne?

1509

What happened to Henry’s brother, Arthur?

He died in an unfortunate accident

When Henry was still young, what did he prefer doing?

Hunting and dancing - he hated government

Who looked after government and diplomacy for early in the reign?

Thomas Wolsey

Why did Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon fail?

A failure to provide him with male heirs

How are Henry’s marriage problems linked to the ‘Break from Rome’?

The Pope refused to grant Henry a divorce, so Henry decided to make the Pope powerless, and so declared himself the Head of the Church

Apart from the divorce, how did Henry benefit from his Break from Rome?

He ordered the dissolution of the monasteries - this gave him money for his military campaigns?

Which of his six wives did provide him with an heir?

Jane Seymour

What was achieved by Henry’s wars with France and Scotland?

Little - an English navy was created, but the wars just too much

Did the ‘Break from Rome’ mean Henry did not believe in Catholicism?

No, Henry firmly believed in Catholicism, just without the Pope

What seriously weakened the English economy?

Henry’s attempts to benefit from the struggles between France and Spain

Who became monarch after Henry VIII?

Edward VI

What denomination was Henry VIII?

Catholic - named ‘fidel defensor’

What was Henry nicknamed?

a ‘Renaissance Prince.’

Renaissance Prince

A Prince who is well educated, courteous, poetic, and well dressed

Quote from Thomas Moore on the start of Henry VIII ‘s reign

“The end of our slavery, the fount of our liberty, the end of our sadness, the beginning of our joy.”

Aims and character of Henry VIII

* He was very different to his father
* He hated the business of government and found the reading and writing of state papers tedious
* He had an ‘impetuous approach’ to government and changed his mind suddenly
* He also lacked the work ethic of his father and instead preferred to spend time in ‘good company’ - pagents, sports and hunting.

Who were Henry VIII’s Chief Ministers?

1. Thomas Wolsey
2. Thomas Cromwell

How much money did Henry VII leave Henry VIII?

£300,000 (£200,000,000)

When was the Council Learned in Law abolished?

1510

How many bonds and recognisances were cancelled when the Council Learned in Law was abolished?

175

What were his aims?

* to establish his status amongst European monarchs though marriage
* re-establish role of nobility
* establish himself as a warrior king

When did Henry marry Catherine of Aragon?

11th June 1509

Why did the Council want to rush the marriage?

To delay Henry’s foreign policy

Was Catherine able to influence early foreign policy?

Yes

Why did Henry fall out of love with Catherine?

She failed to produce him a male heir - in the 1520’s

When was the Duke of Buckingham executed and why?

In 1521, muttered about the succession (treason)

How many Parliaments were called during Henry VIII’s reign?

Nine

1st Parliament

1510 - Abolish Council learned in Law

2nd Parliament

1512-1514 - revenue for invasion of France

3rd Parliament

1515 - Benefits for clergy stopped