APUSH # 1-27

Jamestown (Virginia)

First permanent English settlement saved by tobacco

Plymouth Colony

Settled by pilgrims for religious freedom

Southern Colonies

Relied on plantations and slaves for tobacco farming

Middle Colonies

Characterized by diverse populations

New England

Known for religious diversity and shipbuilding

Virginia House of Burgesses, Mayflower Compact, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, and the New England Town Meetings

First representative democracies in the colonies

Mercantilism

Colonies existed for the benefit of Great Britain, aimed for a favorable trade balance

French and Indian War 1754

Fought against France and Native Americans, led to new land but restricted by Proclamation of 1763

Albany Plan of Union

Ben Franklin's attempt to unite colonies, rejected due to desire for self-government

Ideas that influenced the founding of America

Greek & Roman Democracy, Enlightenment, English Bill of Rights, Magna Carta, John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu

Maryland Toleration Act 1649

First law requiring religious tolerance in North America

Causes of the Revolutionary War

End of Salutary Neglect led to new taxes and enforcement

Causes of the Revolutionary War

Proclamation of 1763 restricted colonists' movement

Causes of the Revolutionary War

Taxation without Representation led to protests and boycotts

Townshend Acts 1767

Imposed new taxes, increased tensions between colonists and British

Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts) 1774

Laws to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party

Revolutionary War

The War for Independence saw colonists fighting against the British

Consent of the Governed

People's approval of the government

John Locke

Enlightenment thinker on Natural Rights and Social Contract Theory

The Social Contract

People can overthrow a government that doesn't protect their rights

The Declaration of Independence

Inspired by John Locke, lists grievances and reasons for independence

Common Sense by Thomas Paine

Pamphlet encouraging colonists to fight the British

Articles of Confederation

Weak first US government, replaced by the Constitution

Land Ordinance of 1785

Set up the division and sale of new land

Northwest Ordinance 1787

Admission of new states and prohibition of slavery in new territories

Shays' Rebellion

Massachusetts farmers' rebellion showing weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

Constitutional Convention

Held to replace the weak Articles of Confederation with the stronger Constitution