Digestive System Physiology & Functions

Houses beneficial bacteria

Appendix function

Moves food to stomach (propulsion)

Esophagus function

Stores/releases bile

Gallbladder function

Absorbs water

Large intestine function

Produces bile

Liver function

Mechanical digestion (chewing)

Mouth function

Secretes digestive enzymes

Pancreas function

Defecation

Rectum function

secretes serous (water and enzymes)

Parotid gland function

secretes mucinous (mucus and enzymes)

Sublingual gland function

secretes mixed mucinous and serous

Submandibular gland function

absorbs nutrients

Small intestine function

Filters blood

Spleen function

Chemical digestion

Stomach function

Prevents food from entering trachea

Epiglottis function

air passage

Trachea function

Allow stomach to expand

Rugae function

Absorb nutrients

Absorptive cells of villus function

Secrete mucus

Goblet cell function

Absorb fats into lymphatic system

Lacteal function

Increase surface area for absorption

Villus function

Litmus cream, vinegar, ammonia

What chemicals/reagents/substances did you use for Litmus test?

1% maltose, Benedict’s reagent

What chemicals/reagents/substances did you use for Benedict’s Test?

0.5% starch, iodine

What chemicals/reagents/substances did you use for Iodine test?

Iodine Test

Add starch to test tube, then add drops of iodine

Litmus Test

Add litmus cream, then add vinegar until color changes, then add ammonia until color changes back

Benedict’s test

Add maltose to test tube, add Benedict’s reagent, heat in hot water bath

Iodine test results

Presence of starch

What is this test testing for?

Pink: acidic, Purple: Basic

Litmus Test Results

pH (acidic vs basic)

What is the litmus test testing for?

Reducing sugar

What is this test testing for?

Dark red

Benedict’s test result