Psych Exam 2 (Chapter 6)

Learning

relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience

Classical Conditioning

learning by association

Unconditioned Stimulus

naturally triggers response

Unconditional Response

automatic response to USN

Neutral Stimulus

No response initially

Conditioned Stimulus

previously NS, now triggers response

Conditioned Response

learned response to CS

Operant Conditioning

learning through consequences

Reinforcement

increases behavior

Punishment

Decrease behavior

Positive

Adding something

Negative

removing something

Positive Reinforcement

add reward to increase behavior

Negative Reinforcement

remove unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior

Positive Punishment

add unpleasant stimulus to decrease behavior

Negative Punishment

remove pleasant stimulus to decrease behavior

Partial Reinforcement

einforcing behavior only some of the time

Fixed ratio schedule

reinforcement after set number of responses

Variable ratio schedule

reinforcement after unpredictable number (most resistant)

Fixed interval Schedule

reinforcement after fixed time

Variable Interval Schedule

reinforcement after unpredictable time

Shaping

reinforcing successive approximations

Observational Learning

learning by watching others