Cengage Windows Server 2019 Chapter 12 Vocab

Advanced boot options

The screen that lets you start Windows in advanced troubleshooting modes. You can access the menu by turning on your computer and pressing the F8 key before Windows starts.

bus mastering

Allowing a device to perform processing tasks that are normally performed by the processor.

cached memory

A hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster.

committed memory

Virtual memory from the paging file that applications have requested.

Data Collector Sets (DCS)

A Windows Server 2019 tool used for creating baselines that span a period of time, or for analyzing trends that can be used to proactively identify performance problems before they impact the system.

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)

A malicious attempt to disrupt normal traffic of a targeted server, service, or network by overwhelming the target or its surrounding infrastructure with a flood of Internet traffic.

Event log

Files that contain details regarding the nature of problems.

event subscription

A registration indicating that a particular event is significant to a particular system and specifying the processing to perform when the triggering event occurs.

event trace provider

Windows component that reports detailed information about the Windows kernel and system applications.

handle

A resource (often a file) that is connected to a process.

jabbering

A process where hardware components may fail intermittently, or malfunction by sending large amounts of information to the processor when not in use.

memory leak

A type of error where processes enter a state that allows them to continually use more memory until the memory in the system is exhausted.

monitoring

One of a system administrator’s most time-consuming tasks; it involves examining network connectivity, viewing log files, and running performance utilities periodically to identify problems and their causes.

network latency

The time it takes for data or a request to go from the source to the destination. Latency in networks is measured in milliseconds.

non-paged tool

The amount of kernel and device driver memory that must stay in physical memory. This type of memory cannot be offloaded onto the disk.

packet sniffer

A computer program or piece of computer hardware that can intercept and log traffic that passes over a digital network or part of a network.

page fault

A type of exception raised by computer hardware when a running program accesses a memory page that is not currently mapped by the memory management unit into the virtual address space of a process.

paged pool

The amount of kernel and device driver memory that CAN spill over from physical memory into the slow page file.

performance counter

A component of the Performance Monitor tool that represents the components of a performance object that monitor a specific type of event.

Performance Monitor

A tool that allows a system administrator to monitor real-time system performance and create simple baselines.

performance object

A component of the Performance Monitor tool representing the areas of the system that can be monitored. Common examples include Processor, Memory, Physical Disk, Logical Disk (for volumes), and Network Interface.

PerfView

A free performance-analysis tool that helps isolate CPU and memory-related performance issues.

process

A series of interrelated tasks that uses the computer’s resources to execute the instructions in a program.

Reliability Monitor

A utility that indicates event trends over a period of time to proactively identify system stability or performance problems.

Resource Monitor

Used to display the specific hardware resources used by processes on the system.

rogue process

Process that has encountered an error that forces it to use an unusually high amount of processor time.

Safe Mode

An advanced boot option that boots the system without network connectivity using the minimum configuration of devices and drivers.

Task Manager

Used to quickly analyze the performance of a system, as well as identify and stop rogue processes and memory leaks.

thread

A unique sequence of instructions that is executed by a process.

Wireshark

A free and open-source packet analyzer. It is used for network troubleshooting, analysis, software and communications protocol development, and education.