PSY 216 Exam 3 - Humanistic Theories

humanism

third force of psychology

took offense to the idea that human beings have no free will

aimed to uncover the best of human behavior, not the worst

emphasized the inherent drive towards self-actualization

Maslow’a hierarchies of needs

activates and directs behavior

lower four levels referred to as deficiency needs

can’t move on until the previous is realized

Maslow’s self-actualization

motivated by being needs (e.g. justice, autonomy)

independent, focus on right and wrong

maximizing one’s potential, not striving to reduce tension

less that 1% of population

Jonah complex

fear of achievement/success

if you try, you risk failing

fear that people will dislike or hate you for being successful

involves facing the unknown

existentialism

people are solely responsible for finding meaning to their life and living it passionately and sincerely

common elements

• people are responsible for who they become, rather than society

• people are both objective and subjective, searching for truth through living actively

• people are driven to search for meaning to their lives and to answer certain existential questions

logotherapy

victor frankl

having goals is positive for mental health

summary of carl rogers and phenomenology

we react our environment based on how we see it

unhappy if we are not meeting our goals, or we perceive that we are not

people are bad when growth is blocked or avoided

personality development

individuals do not have to distort or deny experiences when they receive unconditional positive regard

scold the behavior, not the child

acceptance, affection, and warmth

respect the rights and esteem of the child