Overview of Anatomy and Physiology

Flashcards covering key concepts in anatomy and physiology, focusing on homeostasis, feedback mechanisms, and survival needs.

What is physiology?

The study of the function of the body, focusing on organ systems, cellular and molecular levels.

List the survival needs of the human body.

Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, and appropriate atmospheric pressure.

What is homeostasis?

The maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite continuous changes in the environment.

What does the control center do in a homeostatic control mechanism?

Determines the set point for a variable, receives input from receptor, and determines appropriate response.

What are the components of a control mechanism?

Receptor (sensor), control center, and effector.

What is negative feedback?

Feedback mechanism where the response reduces or shuts off the original stimulus.

Provide an example of negative feedback.

Regulation of body temperature or regulation of blood volume by ADH.

What characterizes positive feedback?

Response enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus, usually for infrequent events.

Give an example of a positive feedback mechanism.

Enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin or platelet plug formation and blood clotting.

What is the consequence of homeostatic imbalance?

Increases the risk of disease and may contribute to changes associated with aging.