Plant Biology Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key vocabulary from the Plant Biology lecture notes.

Photosynthesis

The process by which green plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.

Nonvascular plants

Plants that do not have vascular tissue; examples include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.

Vascular tissue

Tissue in plants responsible for the transport of water, minerals, and sugars.

Gymnosperms

Seed-producing plants that produce seeds that are unenclosed in cones, also known as 'naked seeds'.

Angiosperms

Flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruit and rely on pollinators for reproduction.

Monocots

Plants that have one embryonic leaf (cotyledon), parallel veins in leaves, and fibrous root systems.

Dicots

Plants that have two embryonic leaves (cotyledons), net-like veins in leaves, and usually a taproot system.

Parenchyma cells

Most common type of ground tissue cells, characterized by thin walls and involved in food storage and photosynthesis.

Collenchyma cells

Supportive ground tissue cells that have unevenly thickened walls and are primarily found in young shoots.

Sclerenchyma cells

Supportive cells with thick secondary walls; these cells are dead at maturity and provide rigidity.

Endosymbiosis

A theory explaining how eukaryotic cells may have evolved from prokaryotic cells through a symbiotic relationship.

Embryophytes

A clade of land plants characterized by the development of embryos within maternal tissues.