Integumentary

What are the three main layers of the skin?

Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous Tissue

What cell type in the epidermis is responsible for producing pigment?

Melanocytes

Which cells in the epidermis act as touch receptors?

Merkel cells

What are the glands associated with the epidermis?

Eccrine glands, Apocrine glands, Sebaceous glands

What layer of the skin contains fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells?

Dermis

What is the function of subcutaneous tissue?

Provide cushion and insulation.

What is the role of sweat glands in the skin?

Thermoregulation through sweat production.

What is a Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) exam used for?

Diagnosing fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails.

What does a Tzanck’s smear diagnose?

Viral skin infections like Herpes simplex and Herpes zoster.

How is scabies detected?

Through a scabies scraping to find eggs or feces of the scabies mite.

What is a Wood's Light examination used for?

Diagnosing superficial infections and pigmentation changes.

What is the purpose of patch testing?

Identifying allergens responsible for allergic contact dermatitis.

What does a culture and sensitivity test determine?

The specific species of microorganism present and which antibiotics or antifungals will be effective.

What is a skin biopsy used for?

Removing skin tissue for histologic studies.

What are the types of skin biopsies?

Shave, punch, incisional, excisional.

What should a patient avoid before a skin biopsy?

Taking aspirin (ASA) for 48 hours.

What is the treatment for folliculitis?

Topical antibiotics, saline soaks, warm moist packs.

What organism commonly causes furuncles?

Staphylococcus aureus.

What is cellulitis?

An infection involving the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, and lymphatics.

What are the symptoms of herpes simplex?

Burning, itching, followed by painful vesicles.

What is the treatment for herpes zoster?

Acyclovir, analgesics, and calamine lotion.

What causes candidiasis?

Overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicans.

What are dermatophytoses?

Fungal skin infections caused by organisms that feed on keratin.

What is the primary sign of scabies?

Itchy skin with characteristic burrows.

What is contact dermatitis triggered by?

Irritating or allergenic materials.

What is the common symptom of atopic dermatitis?

Chronic relapsing pruritic eczema.

What is psoriasis characterized by?

Proliferative skin disorder with accumulation of scales and plaques.

What type of skin growth is a seborrheic keratosis?

Benign proliferation of basal cells.

What is the primary treatment for basal cell carcinoma?

Surgical excision.

What system does pemphigus vulgaris affect?

The autoimmune system leading to blister formation.

What is the role of dressings in wound care?

Protecting wounds and retaining moisture.

What effect do therapeutic baths have on skin conditions?

They soften dry epidermis and aid in crust removal.

What is an example of a systemic medication for skin conditions?

Oral antibiotics.

What strategies are used for skin cancer prevention?

Limiting sun exposure and using sunscreen.

What organization supports burn victims?

American Burn Association.

What should clients be taught regarding skin self-exams?

Perform monthly to check for changes.

What type of skin lesions can indicate a higher risk for infection?

Open, weeping wounds.

What is the recommended SPF for sunscreen use?

SPF 15 or higher.

What is acne vulgaris primarily caused by?

Increased production of sebum related to androgenic hormones.

What is the main cause of viral skin infections?

Direct contact with the virus during outbreaks.

What are the histological features of psoriasis?

Increased epidermal cell turnover and scaling.

What condition is frequently associated with Herpes Simplex Virus type 1?

Oral herpes.

How long does a herpes simplex infection usually last?

2-3 weeks, but can take up to 6 weeks.

What type of warts can be very painful?

Plantar warts.

What causes allergic contact dermatitis?

Exposure of sensitized individuals to contact allergens.

What is the purpose of using occlusive dressings?

To maintain moisture and promote healing.

What condition is typical of an immune-mediated disease affecting skin integrity?

Pemphigus vulgaris.

What are signs of infection to monitor after a skin biopsy?

Redness, swelling, warmth, pain.

Which skin condition is characterized by clusters of vesicles along a nerve pathway?

Herpes zoster.

What is the main goal of symptomatic treatment for herpes simplex?

Relief of pain and discomfort.

What are common symptoms of dermatitis?

Itching, redness, and inflammation.

What is the primary concern for a client with impaired skin integrity?

Risk of infection due to breaks in the skin.

What is used to treat acne lesions?

Benzoyl peroxide and topical antibiotics.

What is essential for preventing scabies transmission?

Simultaneous treatment of household members.

What should be evaluated post-op after a skin tumor removal?

Healing of the surgical site and absence of complications.

What can contribute to eczema worsening in individuals?

Decreased humidity.

What type of laser treatment may be used for certain skin lesions?

CO2 laser therapy.

What are two forms of treatment for warts?

Electrodessication or cryosurgery.

What is a hallmark symptom of acne rosacea?

Facial erythema and flushing.

What is a common cause of folliculitis?

Staphylococcus aureus infection.

What is the dietary recommendation for improving skin health?

Maintaining hydration and a balanced nutrient intake.

What types of information should a nurse collect regarding a client’s skin history?

Previous skin problems and allergies.

What is a common physical finding in atopic dermatitis?

Dry, itchy skin.

What is important to include in the care plan for clients with chronic skin conditions?

Education about treatment adherence and skin care.

What is the ideal temperature for therapeutic soaks?

Lukewarm water.

What should be assessed before initiating any skin procedure?

Confirming the absence of allergies and contraindications.

What are the two common types of skin cancer?

Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

What assessment finding is typical of herpes zoster?

Unilateral vesicular rash.

What are the goals of wound care for chronic ulcers?

Promote healing and prevent infection.

What is important for the management of eczema?

Regular moisturizing of the skin.

What symptom of psoriasis can severely affect a patient’s quality of life?

Itching and pain.

What does the sensitization process in allergic contact dermatitis require?

Prior exposure to the allergen.

What is the recommended follow-up after a skin biopsy?

Review biopsy results and monitor the site for infection.

What should clients be educated on regarding skin cancer?

Recognizing signs and symptoms for early intervention.

What nearby symptoms can indicate a herpes simplex infection is recurrent?

Swollen lymph nodes and flu-like symptoms.

What skin condition is characterized by a honey-colored crust?

Herpes simplex after vesicle rupture.

What type of approach is used in the management of acute dermatitis?

Topical corticosteroids and emollients.

What should be performed to evaluate changes in pigmented lesions?

Monthly skin self-examinations.

What do you call the temporary hair loss associated with a scalp fungal infection?

Tinea capitis.

How can skin trauma lead to a risk of secondary infections?

By breaking the protective barrier of the skin.

What phase of wound healing should be targeted during dressing changes?

All phases, including inflammation, proliferation, and maturation.

What is an emergency treatment for severe allergic skin reactions?

Administration of epinephrine.

What is a common complication of untreated cellulitis?

Abscess formation.

What should be monitored in patients receiving systemic antibiotics for skin infections?

Signs of an allergic reaction and increased effectiveness.

What is a significant risk factor for developing skin cancer?

Excessive sun exposure without protection.

What should be monitored in a patient with a skin biopsy?

Signs of infection and healing.

What does the 'ABCDE' rule stand for in skin assessments?

Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter, Evolving.

What demographic is most affected by herpes zoster?

Individuals over 60 years old.

What is done during a punch biopsy?

Removal of a cylindrical core of skin.

What is the primary goal when treating viral skin infections?

Manage symptoms and limit the spread of the virus.

What should be included in the education for clients with acne?

Avoid oil-based products.

What dietary factors can influence skin conditions?

Foods that may exacerbate inflammation, such as dairy.

What is recommended to prevent the spread of infection in dermatologic practice?

Strict adherence to hygiene and personal protective equipment.

What is one of the first signs of a scabies infestation?

Intense itching, especially at night.

What therapeutic approach is often used for extensive psoriasis?

Phototherapy combined with topical treatments.

What common household item can be soothing for dermatitis rashes?

Colloidal oatmeal baths.

What can cause a secondary bacterial infection in skin lesions?

Scratching the lesions.

What are potential complications of untreated nurse-related skin infections?

Necrotizing fasciitis and systemic infection.

What practice should be adhered to during occlusive dressing changes?

Ensure proper skin assessment and hygiene before application.

What is the most frequent intervention for pruritic skin lesions?

Administering antipruritic medications.