key terms part two

torque

measurement of the ability of a force to rotate an object around an axis; tends to produce rotation

lever arm

(d)distance between the fulcrum/ axle and the perpendicular force applied

equillibrium

a state of balance

balanced torques

when torque ccw is equal to torque cw; when the net torque or sum of all torques is zero

newton’s first law of motion

an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by an outside force and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by an outside force

moment of inertia

(I)rotational inertia; reluctance of an object to change its state of rotation

newton’s second law of motion

acceleration is proportional to force; acceleration is inversely proportional to mass; acceleration is proportional to the ratio of force to mass

rotational work

work done when spinning or rotating

rotational energy

energy due to spinning or rotating; rotational ke

angular momentum

(L)inertia in rotational motion; product of the moment of inertia and angular speed of a rotating object; vector

precession

circular motion of the axis of a spinning object

simple harmonic motion

repetitive motion of an object where its an acceleration is directly proportional to its displacement

period

(T)time to complete one full cycle of motion

amplitude

(A)maximum linear displacement from equilibrium position

length

(l) distance from point of rotation to center of mass; respect to pendulums

compression/extension

length from point of rotation of center of mass; respect to elastic objects

hooke’s law

the distance of extension or compression is directly proportional to the force applied by the spring; only applies to materials not stretched beyond their limits

spring constant

(k) ratio of force to stretch; measured in N/m; applies to any elastic object

elastic potential energy

energy by virtue of a spring being stretched or compressed

periodic motion

motion that repeats itself at regular intervals