Empirical Methods: Lecture Session 1

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What are the four characteristics of empirical research?

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Consistency with the real world, theory-based, transparent methods, and a dynamic process.

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What is the definition of empirical research?

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Research projects that collect, process, and analyze external data to answer research questions.

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15 Terms

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What are the four characteristics of empirical research?

Consistency with the real world, theory-based, transparent methods, and a dynamic process.

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What is the definition of empirical research?

Research projects that collect, process, and analyze external data to answer research questions.

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What is Theoretical Pluralism?

Do not focus on one specific theory.

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What is Problem-solving theory application?

Research question determines choice of theory, not the other way around.

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What are the three categories to evaluate the quality of empirical research?

Objectivity, reliability, and validity.

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What is objectivity in empirical research?

Measurement and results are independent from the researcher.

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What is reliability in empirical research?

Absence of measurement errors and ability to reproduce results.

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What is validity in empirical research?

A measure measures what it is supposed to measure.

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What are the four forms of validity?

Validity of statistical inference, internal validity, construct validity, and external validity.

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What is a heuristic used for the Quality of Scientific Publications?

Findings published in more prestigious journals are considered more true.

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What are the four conditions for making causal inferences?

Distinct entities, association, temporal precedence, and no rival causal explanations.

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What is a mediator variable?

Variable z by means of which x influences y.

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What is a moderator variable?

Variable m that affects the strength and/or the direction of the relation between x and y.

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What is quantitative research?

Emphasizes quantification in data collection and analysis.

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What is qualitative research?

Emphasizes words rather than quantification in data collection and analysis.