TOPIC 2- Microbial Cell Structure and Function

cytoplasmic membrane

 

 

inner leaflet

side of the phospholipid bilayer closer to the inside of the cell

outer leaflet

the side of a phospholipid bilayer closer to the outside of the cell

integral membrane proteins

peripheral membrane proteins

ether linked

the bond type for the phospholipids present in Archaea cell membranes

ester linkage

the bond type for the phospholipids present the Bacteria and Eukarya cell membranes

isoprene

makes up the hydrocarbon chains on the phospholipids on Archaeal cell membrane; makes the membrane less fluid bcuz they fit together well. this leads to better membrane fluidity at higher temperatures

phytanyl

some archaeal membranes are made of glycerol diether phospholipids w long branched tails called ________

diglycerol tetraether phospholipid

other archaeal membranes are made from _____ _______ _____, which forms a monolayer

facilitated diffusion 

 

active transport

saturation effect

happens in active transport

simple transporter

type of active transport

symport

a type of simple transport

antiport

a type of simple transport

group translocation

ATP binding cassette transportation system

periplasmic binding protein

 ABC Transportations system  

ATP binding protein

ABC transportation system

monoderm

gram-positive cell wall; 1 thick layer of peptidoglycan

diderm

gram-negative cell wall; a thin layer of peptidoglycan and an outer membrane

lysozyme

penicillin

teichoic acids

lipoteichoic acid

outer membrane

additional phospholipid membrane on gram-negative bacterial cells with LPS units attached

periplasmic space

lipid a

porins

 

periplasm

substrate binding protein

binds substrates and moves them to the cytoplasmic membrane for transport into the cell in the periplasm

hydrolytic enzyme

degrades foreign substances in the periplasm

penicillin binding proteins

s-layer

pseudomurein

lipoglycan

tetraether lipid monolayer cytoplasmic membrane

cytoplasm

the material bounded by the cytoplasmic membrane

nucleoid

plasmids

ribosomes

site of protein function for all cell functions

cytoplasmic ribosomes

makes cytoplasmic proteins so the ribosomes floats freely in the cytoplasm

membrane associated ribosomes

capsules and slime layers

fimbriae

pili

carbon storage polymers

polyphosphate granules

sulphur granules

magnetotaxis

magnetosomes

gas vesicles

vegetative cell

a normal, metabolically active cell capable of normal growth

endospore

septum

line that separated the forespore and the mother cell

core wall

cortex

flagella

filament

flagellin

identical protein subunits

hook

special part of the flagella that connects the filament and the basal body

basal body

random walk

biased random walk

twitching motility

gliding motility

eukaryotes

organisms with a true nucleus

histones

DNA that has been wound around a lot to organize it; so it doesn’t tangle