Chapter 2: Life under the Normans

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21 Terms

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Castellans

The governor of a castle.

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Ecclesiastical

Of or relating to the Church.

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Freemen

A tenant-worker who was free and paid rent for their land - rather than giving service. They could move to other villages/towns if they wanted.

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Lord of the manor

The owner of the manor house and the land in the village (and possibly surrounding areas).

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Marcher Lords

The border regions of England were known as the marches. The lords who controlled them therefore became known as the Marcher Lords.

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Sheriff

An official of a shire charged primarily with judicial duties.

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Shires

A subdivision of a county.

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Tenants

A person who occupies land or property owned by another.

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Apprentice

A person who works for another in order to learn a trade.

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Burgesses

A freeman or citizen of an English borough. They often had some authority or privileges.

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Cottars

A peasant or farm labourer who occupies a cottage and sometimes a small holding of land usually in return for services.

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Guilds

Associations of craftsmen and merchants formed to promote the economic interests of their members as well as to provide protection and mutual aid

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Journeyman

A person who had fully served an apprenticeship in a trade or craft and now works for someone else.

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Pottage

A soup made from beans and peas and flavoured with herbs.

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Apothecaries

Sold remedies made from herbs and plants.

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Barbers

They cut hair, extracted teeth and amputated limbs of poor people.

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Carpenters

A person who makes and repairs wooden objects and structures.

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Moneylenders

A person whose business is lending money to others who pay interest.

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Armourers

A person who makes, repairs, and supplies weapons.

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Bakers

Bread was the staple food but some bakers would cheat their customers so their food was subject to strict laws.

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Blacksmiths

Made a tools and weapons (usually with iron) and earned a good living.