CHM1040 Exam 1 Review

This collection of flashcards covers essential vocabulary and definitions from the CHM1040 exam review regarding fundamental concepts in chemistry.

Yin and Yang

Ancient Chinese beliefs symbolizing dualism in nature.

Scientific Method

A systematic investigation of nature requiring proposing explanations for experimental results.

Hypothesis

The initial, tentative proposal of a scientific principle that is testable.

Scientific Law

A statement that describes a measurable relationship but does not explain behavior.

Scientific Theory

A model that explains the behavior of nature.

Alchemy

The practice involving simple experiments with a belief in the transmutation of substances.

Organic Chemistry

The study of substances containing carbon.

Inorganic Chemistry

The study of substances that do not contain carbon.

Biochemistry

The study of substances derived from living organisms.

Green Chemistry

The design of chemical processes that reduce waste and hazardous substances.

Significant Digits

All values known with certainty plus one uncertain digit in a measurement.

Exponents

Numbers used to indicate that a number has been multiplied by itself.

Scientific Notation

A way of expressing numbers as a significant digit followed by a power of 10.

Percent (%)

A ratio of parts per 100 parts representing a comparison of a single quantity to an entire sample.

Density

A measure of the concentration of mass in an object.

Temperature

A measure of the average kinetic energy of individual particles in motion.

Kinetic Energy (KE)

The energy that matter has as a result of its motion.

Potential Energy (PE)

Stored energy that results from the position or composition of matter.

Law of Conservation of Mass

The principle stating that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.

Law of Conservation of Energy

The principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted.