1.8 The requirements for product design and development

product design specifications

a guide within the development of a product to solve problems

ergonomics

Scientific study of people and their working conditions

product design specifications

a guide within the development of a product to solve problems

ergonomics

Scientific study of people and their working conditions

aesthetics

the features of a product that make it visually pleasing

environment

a product needs to consider the impact of productiion, use and disposal on the environment

testing

needs to be considered how the parts will be tested and the measurments that will lead to success

safety

all relevant safety standards and legislation

materials

key properties that that are required for different components

performance

the ability of the design to function needs to be considered

product cost

all coat restrictions with materials, manufacture and labour costs

time scale

the deadline for the project

size and weight

all size and weight restrictions needs to be considered using anthropometric data

maintenance

how the product will be maintained, with replacement or other methods

anthropometrics

the use of scientific measurements of the human body in the design and construction of products

critical assessment

products need to be assessed and improved upon to avoid same mistakes

product analysis

interacting with a product to see where the issues lie with it

percieved function

using a product and seeign whethter it meets the needs

task analysis

break a specific task dwown into its stages to see how a product is suitted to a particular task

concept modelling

essential within the design process to help make decisions and prove or disprove predictions

initial concept generation

the initial 2D or 3D sketch modelling can be used to gain feedback from clients prior to investements in physical prototypes

block modelling

proves theories or mechanisms or shows the ergonomic features of design in physical form

visual appearance models

demonstrate the aesthetics and appearance of a design

working prototypes

used to test mechanisms and technical principles

rapid prototyping

Allows designers to generate parts quickly, directly from 3D models, for mockup and testing.

accuracy in production

using simple geometric forms increases the ease of manufacture

shape and form

refers to the 2D and 3D physical appearance of a product. Shape refers to 2D while from refers to 3D

symmetry and asymmetry

symmetry can help inclusivity in design for peoduct aimed at both left and right handed users

asymmetry can add interest to a design

proportion

refers to relationship of size between different elements of an object and how this can affect the aesthetics of a product

anthropomorphism

the design of products to reflect proportions associated with the human body and face

helps provide an emotional connection to a product

colour and texture

important in aesthetics within the appeal of a product

symbols and ideograms

designers need to be able to avoid language barriers so standardised symbols are used as well as colour associations

control interfaces

considerations need to be taken when designing a machines interface in terms of accessibility and the ease of use

inclusive design

the design of products to be accessible and useable by as many people as possible

empathic design

The process of simulating conditions experienced by potential users of products, to assist with the development of successful products.