Untitled Flashcards Set

studied byStudied by 0 people
0.0(0)
learn
LearnA personalized and smart learning plan
exam
Practice TestTake a test on your terms and definitions
spaced repetition
Spaced RepetitionScientifically backed study method
heart puzzle
Matching GameHow quick can you match all your cards?
flashcards
FlashcardsStudy terms and definitions

1 / 50

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

51 Terms

1

Interphase

The cell cycle phase where the cell grows (G1), duplicates DNA (S), and prepares for division (G2).

New cards
2

Cytokinesis

The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells.

New cards
3

Mitosis

A type of cell division that results in two identical diploid cells.

New cards
4

Meiosis

A type of cell division that produces four non-identical haploid gametes.

New cards
5

Crossing Over

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, increasing genetic diversity.

New cards
6

Independent Assortment

The random distribution of chromosomes to gametes during meiosis.

New cards
7

Spindle Fibres

Protein structures that help separate chromosomes during cell division.

New cards
8

Diploid

A cell with two sets of chromosomes (2n).

New cards
9

Haploid

A cell with one set of chromosomes (n).

New cards
10

Gametes

Sex cells (sperm and egg) that carry half the genetic information.

New cards
11

Lytic Cycle

A viral replication process where the virus destroys the host cell.

New cards
12

Lysogenic Cycle

A viral process where the virus integrates into the host genome and remains dormant before activation.

New cards
13

Sexual Reproduction

The fusion of gametes (sperm and egg) to create genetically unique offspring.

New cards
14

Asexual Reproduction

Offspring are produced without gametes, resulting in genetically identical clones.

New cards
15

Budding

A new organism grows from the body of the parent.

New cards
16

Vegetative Reproduction

New plants grow from roots, stems, or leaves without seeds.

New cards
17

Fragmentation

A parent organism breaks into pieces, each growing into a new individual.

New cards
18

Parthenogenesis

Offspring develop from an unfertilized egg.

New cards
19

Spores

Reproductive cells that grow into new organisms without fertilization.

New cards
20

Sporophyte

The diploid stage in a plant’s life cycle that produces spores.

New cards
21

Gametophyte

The haploid stage in a plant’s life cycle that produces gametes.

New cards
22

Perfect Flower

A flower with both male (stamens) and female (carpels) reproductive structures.

New cards
23

Imperfect Flower

A flower missing either male or female reproductive structures.

New cards
24

Endosperm

A nutrient-rich tissue in seeds that nourishes the developing embryo.

New cards
25

Bacterial STI

Sexually transmitted infections caused by bacteria (e.g., chlamydia, gonorrhea).

New cards
26

Viral STI

Sexually transmitted infections caused by viruses (e.g., HIV, herpes).

New cards
27

FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone)

A hormone that stimulates egg and sperm production.

New cards
28

GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone)

A hormone that regulates the release of FSH and LH.

New cards
29

LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

A hormone that triggers ovulation and testosterone production.

New cards
30

Inhibin

A hormone that regulates FSH production.

New cards
31

Testosterone

The primary male sex hormone responsible for male characteristics and sperm production.

New cards
32

Estrogen

A hormone that regulates female reproductive functions and secondary sexual traits.

New cards
33

Progesterone

A hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy.

New cards
34

Ovarian Cycle

The monthly cycle of egg maturation and release in females.

New cards
35

Uterine Cycle

The monthly preparation of the uterus for pregnancy, including menstruation.

New cards
36

Teratogen

Any substance that causes birth defects.

New cards
37

Prenatal Screening

Tests performed during pregnancy to assess the health and development of the fetus.

New cards
38

Monohybrid Cross

A genetic cross examining the inheritance of one trait.

New cards
39

Dominant

A trait that is expressed if at least one allele is present.

New cards
40

Recessive

A trait that is only expressed if two recessive alleles are present.

New cards
41

Law of Segregation

Each parent passes one allele for each trait to offspring.

New cards
42

Law of Independent Assortment

Genes for different traits are inherited separately.

New cards
43

Dihybrid Cross

A genetic cross examining the inheritance of two traits.

New cards
44

Codominance

Both alleles in a gene pair are fully expressed.

New cards
45

Incomplete Dominance

A blend of two traits appears in the phenotype.

New cards
46

Test Cross

A cross with a homozygous recessive individual to determine an unknown genotype.

New cards
47

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

Genes are carried on chromosomes and passed to offspring.

New cards
48

Sex-Linked Traits

Traits controlled by genes on sex chromosomes (e.g., color blindness).

New cards
49

Multiple Alleles

More than two possible alleles exist for a gene (e.g., blood type).

New cards
50

Polygenic Inheritance

A trait controlled by multiple genes (e.g., skin color).

New cards
51

Continuous Traits

Traits that show a range of variations due to polygenic inheritance.

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 18 people
60 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 125 people
706 days ago
4.5(4)
note Note
studied byStudied by 15 people
788 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 2 people
67 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 40 people
941 days ago
5.0(3)
note Note
studied byStudied by 12 people
661 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 29 people
963 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 505 people
1 hour ago
4.8(5)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (34)
studied byStudied by 10 people
148 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (80)
studied byStudied by 5 people
483 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (124)
studied byStudied by 35 people
427 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 8 people
396 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (59)
studied byStudied by 11 people
774 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (37)
studied byStudied by 4 people
767 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (59)
studied byStudied by 4 people
233 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (94)
studied byStudied by 85 people
14 days ago
5.0(1)
robot