The Plant Cell

Eukaryotes

Cells that contains a nucleus and organelles surrounded by a membrane.

Cell wall

Provides protection and support, doubled layer, made from cellulose.

Cellulose cell walls

Distinguish plants from other organisms.

Plasmodesmata

Allow the transport of subtances from one cell to the next.

Cell Organelles:

Nucleus, Ribosomes, Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER & Smooth ER), Golfi Apparatus, Lysosomes, Vacuole, Organelles with DNA (Mitochondria & Chloroplasts), and Cytoskeleton (Microfilaments, Microtubules, & Intermediate Filaments)

Nucleus

Stores genetic material, BRAIN of the cell, control center of the cell

Ribosomes

• are RNA protein complexes composed of two subunits that join and attach to messenger RNA

• sites of protein synthesis

Endoplasmic Reticulum

transport material through the cell, forms compartments and vesicles.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

studded with ribosomes, attached to nuclear membrane.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Lacks ribosomes, site of protein synthesis into vesicles.

Golgi Apparatus

site where cell products are packaged for export.

Lysosomes

contain digestive enzymes, digest worn-out organelles and cell debris. “SUICIDAL BAGS OF THE CELL.”

Vacuole

found in PLANT and ANIMALS, acts a container, storing dissolves particles.

Mitochondria (Organelles with DNA)

“Powerhouse of the cell”

Chloroplasts

sites of photosynthesis, more larger and complex than mitochondria.

Cytoskeleton (e.g. Microfilaments, Microtubules, and Intermediate Filaments)

Long slender protein tubes and fibers, structural support, and cell movement

Nucleolus

Sites where RNA is made, assembles ribosomes

Plastids

are classified and named on the kinds of pigments they contain.

Chlorophyll

contain green pigment that absorbs sunlight.

Chromoplasts

Lacks chlorophyll but synthesize and retain carotenoid pigments.

Leucoplasts

are non-pigmented plastids, develop into chloroplasts

Flagella (Cilia)

motility or moving fluids over surfaces.

Microbodies

Isolate particular chemical activities from rest of cell.