Physical Science - Chapter 9

Solutions

9A: Mixtures and Solutions

  • Types of Heterogenous Mixtures
      * ^^Suspension^^: a heterogenous mixture of a fluid and large particles that will settle out over time
      * ^^Colloid^^: a heterogenous mixture in which the dispersed particles will not settle out

  • ^^Solvation^^: the process of dissolving a solute into a liquid
      * ^^Dissociation^^: the physical separation of the ions in a solid ionic compound by the action of a solvent

  • ^^solubility^^: The maximum amount of solute into a liquid solvent

  • Separating Mixtures
      * Evaporation
      * Magnetism
      * Filtering/Sifting
      * Distillation

9B: Solution Concentration

  • Saturation
      * ^^Concentration^^: the actual amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solution
      * ^^Saturated Solution^^: a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that it can hold at a given temperature
      * ^^Unsaturated Solution^^: a solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that it could hold at a given temperature
      * ^^Supersaturated Solution^^: a solution that contains more than the maximum amount of solute that it can normally hold at a given temperature
Colligative Properties
  • ^^Colligative Property^^: a physical property of solutions that depends only on the concentration of dissolved particles and not on the identity or properties of the solute
      * %%Boiling Point Elevation%%: the increase in the boiling point of a solvent due to the presence of dissolved solute
      * %%Freezing Point Depression%%: the lowering of the freezing point of a solvent due to the presence of a dissolved solute