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Anacrusis
upbeat
Conjunct
notes that move in steps
Disjunct
notes that move in leaps
Arpeggio / broken chord
Notes of a chord played individually
Scalic
Melody that is made up of notes that follow the order of a particular scale
Low pitch
the lower sounding notes
High pitch
The higher sounding notes
Range
span of pitches on an instrument
Sequence
repetition of an idea in the same part at a higher/lower pitch
Repetition
The restatement of a motif
Contrast
When there is a difference in the music (e.g. melodic contrast, rhythmic contrast, harmonic contrast)
Leitmotif
A musical idea associated with a person, place, object, feeling or idea
Motif
A short music idea, melodic or rhythmic
Intervals
The distance between two notes
Inversion
Changing a melodic idea by turning it upside down, back to front
Octave
the same note in a higher/lower pitch
Chromatic movement
When the melodic movement is in semitones, like part of the chromatic scale
Pentatonic
A five-note scale, commonly used in folk music and pop/rock
Blue notes
The flattened notes in a blues scale
ornamentation
Decorations to a melody
Countermelody
This is an extra melody played the same time as the main theme, sounds clashy
Fanfare
short musical flourish that is typically played by trumpets or other brass instruments, often accompanied by percussion
thematic
The thematic material means the main musical idea – the important melody in a piece of music.
Answering phrase
A second phrase of music, which ‘answers’ the first phrase of music making it sound complete.
appoggiatura
a grace note which delays the next note of the melody, taking half or more of its written time value
acciaccatura
a grace note performed as quickly as possible before an essential note of a melody.
Note 
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