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swath
a long strip or area of something
dabble
to try an activity in a casual way
earnest
sincere and serious
vitality
life, energy, and strength
mimic
to imitate or copy (someone’s actions or words)
agitate
1) to make someone troubled or nervous 2) to campaign for something in public
practical
likely to succeed or be effective in real circumstances, relating to actual experience rather than knowledge only
ominous
suggesting something unpleasant will happen
dominion
1) control over a country or people 2) the land that belongs to a ruler
pretense
a false display, an attempt to deceive
egocentric
thinking only of oneself; self
exploit
to make full use of (a resource), to use (a person) in an unfair or selfish way
comprise
to consist of or to be made up of
plight
a dangerous, difficult, or otherwise unfortunate situation
exemplify
to be a typical example of something
momentous
very important (in reference to a decision or event)
reverberate
to continue to be heard; to echo repeatedly
paternal
behaving or feeling as a father does toward his child
lament
to express sadness and regret about something
mediation
the process by which someone tries to end a disagreement by helping the two sides to talk about and agree on a solution
miser
someone who has a great desire to possess money and hates to spend it
supple
bending or able to be bent easily; not stiff; flexible
oblivious
not aware of what is happening around you
sullen
silent and unpleasant; depressed; gloomy
imperative
1) extremely important or urgent 2) something that needs to be done immediately
reminisce
to talk about the past with pleasure
tranquil
calm, quiet, and peaceful
cleave
to cut or split into at least two parts
reluctance
an unwillingness to do something
misgiving
a feeling of doubt, uncertainty, or worry about a future event
sparse
small in number, often spread over a large area; scarce
progenitor
originator, creator, founder
absurd
ridiculous or completely unreasonable
premise
an idea or theory on which a statement or action is based; an assumption
scrutinize
to examine someone or something very carefully
supplemental
added to something else in order to improve it or complete it
poignant
causing a feeling of sadness
obscure
not known to many people, difficult to understand
ancestral
belonging to or inherited from one’s ancestors
gregarious
fond of company; sociable
exert
to use power or the ability to make something happen
vigorous
strong, healthy, and full of energy
entreat
to ask someone sincerely or anxiously to do something
desolation
a state of complete emptiness or destruction
notorious
famous for something bad
induce
1) to persuade someone to do something 2) to cause something to happen
pompous
feeling that one is better or more important than other people
disparage
to criticize someone or something in a way that shows a lack of respect
intact
complete and in the original state; not damaged
verdict
an opinion or judgment
mundane
ordinary and dull
spur
to encourage an activity or development, to cause something to develop faster
sentinel
a guard whose job is to stand and keep watch
convey
to make (an idea or feeling) known or understandable to someone; to communicate
render
to cause someone or something to be in a particular state
manifest
to show something clearly, through signs or actions
continuum
a continuous sequence; a range
redress
to correct a wrong
underscore
to emphasize the importance of something
enfeeble
to make someone or something very weak
disdain
dislike of someone or something that one feels does not deserve respect
flatter
to praise someone in order to please him or her
posterity
all future generations of people
sustain
to strengthen or support; to keep alive
sheer
1) not mixed with anything else; pure or complete 2) very large
assess
to judge the quality or importance of something
artisan
a person who does skilled work with his or her hands
subtle
not loud, bright, noticeable, or obvious
repudiate
to refuse to accept something or someone; to reject
meander
to follow a route that is not straight or direct
effectual
successful in producing the intended results
meager
very small in amount or number
tedious
boring, slow, and tiring
calibrate
to carefully measure or adjust
potent
powerful, persuasive, or effective
conducive
providing the right conditions for something to happen or exist; to help bring about
reserved
tending to keep feelings or thoughts private; quiet
medley
a mixture of different things
advocate
1) to support an idea 2) a person who publicly supports an idea
undulate
to move with a smooth wavelike motion
magnitude
1) the great size or importance of something 2) the extent or degree of something
aggrandize
to make someone more powerful or important
pummel
to hit someone or something repeatedly
timid
easily frightened; shy
bias
an unfair personal opinion that influences your judgment
refine
to improve something by making small changes
oscillate
to swing back and forth
esteem
respect and admiration for someone
displace
to force something or someone out of its usual or original place
pulpit
a raised platform in a church from which the preacher speaks
ingenious
clever, original, and inventive (in reference to a person)
constitute
to be the parts that form something
insatiable
impossible to satisfy
volition
the power to make one’s own decisions
relish
to like or enjoy something
facilitate
to make (an action or process) possible or easier
threshold
the level or point at which something starts
reform
to make changes in something in order to improve it
sneer
to make a facial expression that shows disapproval or disrespect
profound
1) intense, extreme 2) requiring deep thought