science - atom unit

proton charge

positive

proton location

nucleus

proton mass

1

role of the proton in the atom

determines the element

neutron charge

neutral

neutron location

nucleus

neutron mass

1

neutron’s role in the atom

stabilizes the nucleus and determines whether it’s an isotope

electron charge

negative

electron location

in the rings/outside the nucleus

electron mass

0

electron role in the atom

determines the charge

What’s the atomic number

the number at the top of the element on the table, organizes the elements  

What’s the atomic mass

the number on the bottom of the element on the table, it’s the mass of the element (the number with the decimal) it’s also protons + neutrons

What’s the nucleus

center of the atom where protons and neutrons are

what’s an electron orbital or an electron shell

what you call the rings around the nucleus that the electrons live in

What’s the valence electron

the number of electrons in the outermost shell or ring of the atom.

How to determine if something’s an isotope

1 atom compared to the table:

if it’s a charge of zero and the mass doesn’t match the atomic mass on the periodic table

2 atoms compared to each other:

if it doesn’t match the neutrons of the other atom you’re comparing it to

How to determine if something’s an ion

1 atom compared to the table:

if it has a negative or positive charge

2 atoms compared to each other:

if the protons and electrons are not equal

cation

positive ion, if there are more protons than electrons

anion

negative ion, if there are more electrons than protons

periods

rows

groups

columns

organization

increasing atomic number from left to right

Atomic Number tells us

how many protons and what the element is

Atomic Mass tells us

the mass of the element

What was the first concept of the atom?

Greeks believed that the atoms were tiny spheres with textures corresponding to the texture of the larger object.

What was added over time to change the model of the atom?

We realized that atoms are made up of positive, negative, and neutral parts.

what was refined about the atom

where the parts of the atom were located (electron, neutron, proton)

What do you look for to identify an atom as completely neutral?

If it’s a charge of 0 then the mass has to match the rounded mass from the periodic table, then it’s neutral or if it’s completely the same as the compared atom.