Social-Emotional Development in Preschoolers

Self-Awareness

Understanding oneself through experiences and feedback.

Responsibility

Sense of accountability and trustworthiness in actions.

Gender Roles

Expected behaviors for males and females in society.

Sex Typing

Adopting culturally appropriate gender attitudes and behaviors.

Gender Identity

Personal sense of being male, female, or other.

Gender Stability

Understanding gender remains constant over time.

Gender Constancy

Realizing gender does not change despite external appearances.

Moral Development

Formation of attitudes toward others based on societal norms.

Kohlberg's Theory

Three stages of moral development with six substages.

Obedience-Punishment Orientation

Good or bad determined by punishment avoidance.

Individualism and Exchange

Good or bad based on self-interest and fairness.

Moral Emotions

Feelings like remorse that guide moral behavior.

Self-Concept

Accumulated perception of oneself from experiences.

Self-Recognition

Ability to identify oneself in a mirror.

Self-Definition

Understanding personal traits and characteristics.

Self-Esteem

Overall sense of self-worth and value.

Self-Correction

Ability to recognize and amend one's mistakes.

Play

Essential for cognitive, physical, and emotional development.

Initiative vs. Guilt

Erikson's stage where children explore and face failures.

Social Relations

Interactions with adults and peers shape social skills.

Imaginary Friends

Common among preschoolers, not indicative of loneliness.

Emotional Expression

Preschoolers express emotions intensely and learn control.

Love and Dependency

Preschoolers seek comfort from familiar adults.

Fear and Anxiety

Fears arise from misunderstandings and past experiences.

Anger and Aggression

Expressions of anger evolve from physical to verbal.

Jealousy

Emerges from sharing love and attention with others.

Repressed Jealousy

Unexpressed jealousy manifesting through nightmares or issues.

Recognizing Stress

Early stress impacts child development significantly.

Developmental Stress

Stressors related to preschoolers' growth and understanding.

Environmental Stress

External factors affecting preschoolers' emotional well-being.

Technology and Development

Impact of technology on preschoolers' social-emotional growth.