Crusades

First crusade

Pope urban II calls for crusade at the council of clermont 1095

Ppls crusade (disorganized) 1096

Crusaders capture jerusalem, establish crusader states 1099

1096-1099

Second crusade

Trigger: fall of edessa 1144

Led by louis VII of france and conrad III of germany

Defeated in damascus and anatolia

1147-1149

Third crusade, kings crusade

Trigger: saladin recaptures jerusalem 1187

Led by richard the lionheart, philip II of france, frederick barbarossa

Failed to recapture but richard negotiates pilgrim access

1189-1192

Fourth crusade

1204 crusaders sack constantinople

1202-1204

Fifth crusade

Targeted egypt

Defeat at damietta

1217-1221

Sixth crusade

Led by emperor frederick II

Bloodless handover of jerusalem via treaty

1228-1229

Seventh crusade

Led by louis IX of france

Defeated and captured in egypt

1248-1254

Eighth crusade

Led by louis IX

Targeted tunis, louis dies of disease, crusade fails

1270

Fall of acre, last major crusader stronghold in the holy land

1291