Chem Exam 4

As solubility increases, temperature

increases

When temperature increases, gases

dissolve less in water

Henry’s Law says

solubility of gas in liquid is directly related to pressure of gas over liquid

Regarding Henrys law, if you have higher pressure then 

more gas dissolved

Regarding Henrys law, if you have lower pressure then

gas escapes

Dilution

amount of solute stays same but volume increases

Does dilution cause concentration to increase or decrease

decrease

Strong electrolytes

lots of charged particles, conduct electricity

Weak electrolytes

few charged particles, poor electricity

non electrolytes

no charged particles, no electricity

strong acids

dissociate in water

weak acids

partially dissociate

dissociate means to

split into ions and dissolve

acids produce what when dissolved

H+ ions

Bases produce what when dissolved

OH- ions

Strong bases

dissociate in water to give aqueous solution of metal ion and hydroxide ion

Weak bases

partially dissociate

Neutralization

acid reacts with base to form salt and water

low pka number means

more acidic

Bronsted lowry acid is a

proton donor

bronsted lowry base is a

proton acceptor

Arrhenius Acid

increase H+

Arrhenius base

increase OH-

pH<pKa

more acidic

pH>pKa

more basic

3 major buffers

protein, phosphate, bicarbonate

When acid loses a proton it becomes a

conjugate base

When base gains a proton it becomes

conjugate acid

if K>1 then

products greater than reactants

if K<1 then

products less than reactants

Henrys law

higher pressure so more gas dissolves

Hypotonic

cell swells, low concentration outside

Hypertonic

Cell shrinks, high concentration outside

what are the H+ and OH- in regards to acidic pH

H+> OH-

what are the H+ and OH- in regards to basic pH

OH>H+

Hypoventilation shifts and has what pH

right, lower

Hyperventilation shifts and has what pH

left, higher

Large Ka means

strong acid

Small Ka means

weak acid

Stronger acid

weaker conjugate base