AP Macroeconomics Unit 3 Vocab Review

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29 Terms

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Wealth

The value of a household's accumulated savings.

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Aggregate Demand Curve

Shows the relationship between the aggregate price level and the quantity of aggregate output demanded.

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Real Wealth Effect

The change in consumer spending caused by the altered purchasing power of consumers' assets.

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Interest Rate Effect

The change in investment and consumer spending caused by altered interest rates due to changes in the demand for money.

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Exchange Rate Effect

The change in net exports caused by a change in the value of the domestic currency.

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Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC)

The increase in consumer spending when disposable income rises by $1.

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Marginal Propensity to Save (MPS)

The increase in household savings when disposable income rises by $1.

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Expenditure Multiplier

The ratio of total change in real GDP caused by an autonomous change in aggregate spending.

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Tax Multiplier

The factor by which a change in tax collections changes real GDP.

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Aggregate Supply Curve

Shows the relationship between the aggregate price level and the quantity of aggregate output supplied in the economy.

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Nominal Wage

The dollar amount of the wage paid.

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Sticky Wages

Nominal wages that are slow to fall even in high unemployment.

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Short-Run Aggregate Supply Curve

Shows the positive relationship between the aggregate price level and the quantity of aggregate output supplied in the short-run.

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Short Run

The time period in which many production costs are not fully flexible.

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Long Run

The time period in which all prices, including wages, are fully flexible.

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Long-Run Aggregate Supply Curve

Shows the relationship between the aggregate price level and the quantity of aggregate output supplied if all prices were fully flexible.

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Full-Employment Output

The level of real GDP the economy can produce if all resources are fully employed.

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Short-Run Macroeconomic Equilibrium

Occurs where the quantity of aggregate output supplied equals the quantity demanded.

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Long-Run Macroeconomic Equilibrium

Occurs when short-run macroeconomic equilibrium is at the full employment level of output.

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Output Gap

The difference between actual output and full employment output.

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Demand Shock

An event that shifts the aggregate demand curve.

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Supply Shock

An event that shifts the short-run aggregate supply curve.

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Stagflation

The combination of inflation and stagnating aggregate output.

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Long-Run Self Adjustment

The process that brings the economy back to equilibrium after a shock without government intervention.

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Fiscal Policy

The use of government purchases, transfers, or tax policy to stabilize the economy.

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Expansionary Fiscal Policy

Increases aggregate demand to close a recessionary gap.

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Contractionary Fiscal Policy

Decreases aggregate demand to close an inflationary gap.

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Discretionary Fiscal Policy

Fiscal policy resulting from deliberate actions by policy makers.

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Automatic Stabilizers

Government rules that automatically adjust spending and taxation during economic changes.