ch 12 PCT

additive

a substance added to another substance, changing its effect.

axilla

underarm or armpit area.

bridge

a type of dental appliance that replaces missing or pulled teeth.

dandruff

excessive shedding of dead skin cells from the scalp.

dentures

artificial teeth. edema: swelling in body tissues caused by ex- cess fluid.

edentulous

lacking teeth; toothless.

gingivitis

an inflammation of the gums.

grooming

practices to care for oneself, such as caring for fingernails and hair.

halitosis

bad breath.

hygiene

practices to keep the body clean.

partial bath

bath that includes washing the face, underarms, hands, and perineal area.

pediculosis

an infestation of lice.

plaque

a substance that accumulates on the teeth from food and bacteria.

tartar

hard deposits on the teeth that are filled with bacteria; may cause gum disease and loose teeth if not removed.

Here is the flashcard set with the requested formatting:

What is grooming?

Grooming includes personal care tasks like fingernail, foot, and hair care, which help maintain cleanliness and health.

What are A.M. and P.M. care?

A.M. care refers to morning routines, often including bathing and dressing. P.M. care involves evening routines, like preparing for bed.

Why is encouraging self-care important?

Encouraging self-care promotes residents' self-esteem and dignity by helping them maintain independence.

How can needing help with personal care impact residents emotionally?

Needing assistance with personal care can lead to feelings of anger, frustration, sadness, or embarrassment.

How should NAs communicate with residents before giving care?

NAs should explain the care they will provide, answer questions, and use an interpreter if needed for language barriers.

What are the four main types of baths?

Partial bath, shower, tub bath, and bed bath.

Who is a partial bath best suited for?

A partial bath is for residents with sensitive skin, those unable to take a full bath, or those who need a quick wash before meals.

When is a shower suitable for residents?

A shower is suitable for residents who can stand safely or sit in a shower chair.

When should a tub bath be given?

A tub bath is suitable for residents who can transfer in/out of a tub and may be ordered for specific therapeutic reasons.

When is a bed bath appropriate?

A bed bath is ideal for residents who are unable to leave their beds.

Why is bathing a good time for skin observations?

Bathing allows NAs to check for skin changes, which is important in preventing pressure ulcers. Report any abnormalities to the nurse.

What safety precautions should be taken during bathing?

Ensure the floor is dry, have supplies ready, check water temperature, and do not leave residents unattended.

What is the order of washing body parts during a bath?

Eyes, face, ears, neck, arms/axilla/hands, chest/abdomen, legs/feet, back, perineal area, and buttocks.

How often should oral care be provided?

At least twice a day, or more if the resident requests.

Why must gloves be worn for oral care?

To follow standard precautions and prevent the spread of infection.

How should NAs care for dentures?

Handle dentures carefully, keep them on clean surfaces, and wear gloves when cleaning.

How should NAs help with hair care?

Keep hair clean and styled according to resident preferences; handle gently and report signs of lice if observed.

What is important when shaving residents?

Use safety razors, change blades regularly, and shave only in areas the resident approves.

Why is daily care important for residents' self-image?

It helps them feel good about their appearance, preserving dignity and supporting self-esteem.

Which serious skin wound can nursing assistants help prevent by observing residents' skin closely?

Pressure ulcers.

In general, what should the water temperature be for bathing residents?

Between 105°F and 110°F.

Why should residents be involved in choosing a comfortable water temperature?

It helps promote comfort and prevents burns or discomfort.

Why should the use of bath oils, gels, and powders be avoided when bathing residents?

They can make the tub or shower slippery, increasing the risk of falls.

How often should the perineal area be bathed?

Daily or more often if needed.

What are two benefits of back rubs?

They promote relaxation and improve circulation.

What is the best way to prevent aspiration when performing oral care on unconscious residents?

Turn the resident on their side to allow fluids to drain out of the mouth.

Why should nursing assistants explain what they are doing when working with unconscious residents?

Unconscious residents may still be able to hear, and it shows respect.

Should nursing assistants wear gloves when shaving residents? Why or why not?

Yes, to follow standard precautions and prevent exposure to blood.

Under what circumstances should an electric razor not be used?

When the resident is on oxygen or near water, to prevent accidents.

Why should nursing assistants not cut residents' toenails?

It can cause injury or infection, especially in diabetic residents.

When dressing and undressing residents, how should nursing assistants refer to the weaker side?

As the "affected" or "involved" side, rather than "bad" side.

Which of the following should be washed before the axillae (underarms)?

Face

When bathing a resident, which body part should be washed first?

Eyes

At a minimum, how often should oral care be performed?

Two times a day

How should dentures be stored after they are cleaned if the resident does not want to wear them?

In a denture cup filled with cool water.

When dressing a resident, on which side should a nursing assistant start?

On the resident's weaker side