trade union key words 1900-45

Samuel Gompers

leader of the AFL, conservative approach at the time of the red scare

AFL

replaced KoL and by 1914 had 2 million members, led by Gompers

CIO

union created after divides in the AFL over supporting craft or industrial unions. led bye John Lewis

IWW (wobblies)

union set up 1905 in Chicago as a more militant , violent and communist group

A. Philip Randolph

taken on by the Brotherhood of sleeping car porters, helping win $2 million pay rise

Brotherhood of the sleeping car porters

Black union for porters for Pullman Railroad Company

Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire

1911 fire in NYC killing 146 people

Hawk’s nest tunnel

1930-31 disaster as workers inhaled quartz dust

Women’s trade union league (WTUL)

earliest women’s trade union, more political in pushing for the vote, a minimum wage and eight hour day

John Lewis

created the CIO

Mary Kenny O’Sullivan

helped form the WTUL

Rose Schneiderman

helped form the WTUL

progressive era

under the presidencies if Teddy Roosevelt and Wilson. Wilson relied more and more on union support

WW1 and WW2

world events that increased industrial production and helped recognition of unions

New Deal

series of reform under FDR as a response to the great depression

Henry Ford

industrialist who would intimidate and attack union organisers

red scare

fear of communism in America

yellow dog contracts

contacts that prevented workers from joining unions

Lochner v New York

SCOTUS case stating maximum working hours were an interference of liberty. 1905

Coppage v Kansas

SCOTUS case overturning Kansas law prohibitig yellow dog contracts. 1915

National war labor board (NWLB)

1917 set up to regulate relations of unions and industry in war. workers given right to join unions

National Industrial recovery act (NIRA)

1933 act setting up NRA

National Recovery Administration (NRA)

Set up I 1933 under the NIRA to help cooperation with unions and industry. set wages, working hours, prices and rights for unions. But was voluntary

wagner act/ national labor relations action

1935, similar to NIRA but was allowed. helped set up structure for collective bargaining

fair labor standards act

1938 act setting $25 minimum weekly wage and other protections

woodrow wilson

president in WW1 who had support/ funding of unions

Franklin roosevelt

president responsible for new deal