Health and Social R032 - Principals of care in health and social settings.

Examples of care settings

Dental practice, GP surgery, health centre, hospital, nursing home, optician, pharmacy, walk-in centre.

Examples of social settings

Community centre, day centre, food bank, homeless shelter, residential home, retirement home, social services department, support group

Examples of service users accessing health care services

A family who visits the dentist twice a year for a routine checkup, a pregnant person who visits the hospital for an ultrasound to check the health of their baby, a young person visiting the A&E department after a sport injury

Examples of service users accessing social care settings

An individual staying in a homeless shelter, a person with dementia and is unable to care for themself in their own home - living in a residential care home, a family who are struggling to cope with the demands of caring for their physically disabled child

What are the five rights that are the basis of good care?

Choice, Confidentiality, Consultation, Equal and fair treatment, Protection from harm and abuse

What are some aspects of choice in a care setting?

Giving service users choice on whether they'd like to join in on an activity, giving service users choice on what meal they'd like, the type of treatment a patient want to receive.

What are some aspects of confidentiality in a care setting?

Using secure locks/passwords on confidential information, using security badges to only allow certain authorised people into a restricted area.

What are some aspects of consultation in a care setting?

Not leaving service users without information so decisions could be made together, being able to have that one to one availability between service users and service providers.

What are some aspects of equal and fair treatment in a care setting?

Giving all service users the same opportunities, if a service user has visual impairments then the information is printed in a larger/smaller font.

What are some aspects of protection from harm and abuse in a care setting?

Not singling any person out, giving training opportunities to care providers if their care isn't up to standards, being aware if any service users are being bullied.

What are some benefits if the care rights are maintained

Trust, empowerment, high self-esteem, their needs are met

What does empowerment mean?

Giving people authority to make decisions based on what they feel is right, to have control over their work , to take take risks and learn from mistakes, and to promote change.

What are the PIES effects?

Physical, intellectual, emotional, social

What are different types of communication.

Verbal, non-verbal, written, specialist

What are aspects of active listening?

open and relaxed posture, eye contact, nodding in agreement, showing empathy, clarifying information, summarising to check key points

What are some methods that can be used to support communication?

hearing aids, braille, sign language, advocates, interpreters, Makaton, voice-activated software

What are some of the benefits to effective communication?

Empowerment, reassurance, feeling valued, feeling respected and trust

What are some of the guidelines to effective communication?

Using vocabulary that can be understood, listening carefully to service users as they express their needs, adapt communication methods to meet the service user's needs and being respectful and empathetic

What are some examples of using understandable vocabulary?

Using age-appropriate language, simplify language when speaking to young children or service users with a learning disability or reduced mental capacity, avoiding jargon, provide an interpreter to service users who do not understand English.

What are the three sources of support in health and social settings?

formal, informal and charities

What are some examples of formal care settings?

hospitals, health centres, care homes, day centres, children's services, hospices, respite care, rehabilitation centres

Give examples of using choice in a health care setting

choice of male or female doctor, whether to receive treatment or not, where to receive care (home or hospital)

Give examples of using choice in a social care setting

a range of activities, residents having access to a lounge and quiet room, what clothes to wear, what time to go to bed or get up

Give examples of how to keep confidentiality

filing cabinet that is locked, using passwords on a computer, not gossiping about service users, closing the door when having a private conversation

Give examples of 'need to know basis'

information is only shared with those directly involved with the care and support of the individual

Give examples of those who are more at risk of abuse and harm

services users with dementia or learning disabilities or children

Ensuring a service user has high self esteem will result in

feeling valued, respected and confident

Examples of empowerment

encourage independence, make service users feel in control of their life, give services users choice, control and independence

Examples of safe guarding procedures

staff to have CRB checks, staff to be trained in first aid, manual handling and safeguarding, CCTV on entrance and on-site, another person being present during an examination at the go

examples of how equal and fair treatment is used for a child with a disability or extra learning needs

extra support or simpler worksheets, one to one support from a teaching assistant, wheelchair ramps

A service user with high self esteem will feel

valued, respected and confident

Meeting a service users needs means,

giving appropriate care, improved physical health and improved mental health

Service users who trust their care givers will have a result of

reassurance that they are not going to be harmed, confident they have their best interests, confident in the care they receive, confident they are in a safe environment.

the person-centred values are

privacy, rights, independence, choice, encouraging decision making, dignity, respect, individuality, partnership

Individuality means

recognising their own identity, needs, wishes, beliefs and values

Choice means

service users have options and this will allow them to make an informed decision

having independence will mean the service user

does not have to rely on others, has the opportunity to make their own decisions, have support to take control of their lives

An example of maintaining privacy

knocking on door and waiting before entering

An example of care users rights

right to be protecting from harm

Examples of encouraging decision making

using different walking aids such as a stick or frame to help them to walk short distances

if all of the person centred values are applied, this will result in

individuals needs are met; they have choice and control; they are independent living; making informed decisions and being empowered

partnership means

different agencies, professionals and services working together

the 6 C's are

care, compassion, competence, communication, commitment, courage

competence refers to

the ability of the service provider to provide high quality, effective care

Courage refers to

Being brave and speaking up when having concerns

Examples of individuality, rights and decision making in a HSC setting

access to a prayer room, right to choice type of birth (home or hospital), having different menu options (vegan, vegetarian, halal)

Benefits to the SERVICE PROVIDER when applying person centred values

improves job satisfaction, maintains or improves the quality of life, supports rights to choice or consultation, supports development of skills

Benefits to the SERVICE USER when applying person centred values

improves standardisation of care, maintains or improves quality of life, supports the development of their strengths,

Examples of specialist communication are

braille, sign language, use of an advocate, voice-activated software, an interpreter, Makaton

An advocate is

someone who speaks up for a service users who cannot speak up for themselves

examples of people who need to use advocates are

a young child, a service user with a learning disability, a person with dementia and someone with a reduced mental capacity

things that an advocate can do are

go with a service user to meetings or attend for them, help a service user access information, write letters on behalf of a service user and speak for someone to express their wishes

voice activated software allow people to

write text, use the internet, send emails, and use an application with their voice rather than a mouse or keyboard.

an example of a service user who would use voice activated software is

someone with cerbral palsy who may have difficulties with fine motor skills

impact of good communication is

service users are well informed and know what to expect from their treatment, they will feel confident to ask questions about their care. they feel valued and respected as their concerns are listened to. Using appropriate vocabulary allows them to understand their care and they feel reassured.

impact of poor communication

information could be misunderstood and they may not understand the treatment or condition. If appropriate medical notes are not kept, this could result in the service user getting the wrong medicine. A service user could have information overload and not understand their care- especially when in a hospital. A person with learning difficulties could feel patronised.

A DSL is a

Designated Safeguarding Lead

Safeguarding training for all means

duty to report serious concerns, knowledge of settings procedures, awareness of signs of abuse or harm, how to report

DBS stands for

Disclosure and Barring Service

The 3 different DBS checks are

Standard checks, Enhanced checks and the Barred list

The standard DBS check will check for

if the individual has a criminal record; shows convictions, cautions and reprimands

The Enhanced DBS check will check for

An individual's criminal record and local police records. This is for anyone working with vulnerable people

The Barred list is

the names of people who are not permitted to work with children or vulnerable people because they have been convicted of a serious crime

A risk assessment is used to

identify hazards and actions taken to reduce the risk of harm

Examples of safety procedures for reducing risk/ danger are

providing first aid, taking control of the situation, recording details of an accident/ injury in an accident book, informing the manager and maintaining first aid equipment

Staff training programmes should always include

How to use the equipment, moving and handling techniques and first aid training

Emergency procedures include

Fire drills and evacuation

Examples of Safety measures taken to reduce risk and harm are

displaying fire safety notices and using warning signs (no entry and wet floor signs)

Infection can enter the body in 3 ways

inhalation, ingestion (swallowed) and through broken skin

examples of general cleanliness are

washing hands, using antibacterial spray on surfaces, cleaning toys and play equipment regularly, mopping floors and vacuuming carpets daily, cleaning and disinfecting toilets regularly

examples of hazardous waster in HSC setting are

used needles, used dressing, soiled incontinence pads, used disposable gloves, cleaning fluid, items in contact with bodily fluids

2 examples of hazardous waste are

clinical waste (used dressing) that are stored in yellow bags/bins. Hygiene waste (disposable gloves) stored in yellow and black sacks

Personal hygiene measures include

Hair tied back, open wounds covered, no jewellery, short nails with no nail polish, correct hand washing techniques, regular showering and hair washing, regular brushing teeth and appropriate use and disposal of tissues, antiseptic wipes and sanitiser

PPE is

Personal protective equipment

Examples of PPE

disposable gloves, disposable apron, rubber gloves, face mask, hair net, overalls, surgical scrubs