DNA mutations

mutation

A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

change in DNA =

change of the protein

what causes mutation

mutagens - Chemicals, Viruses, or UV Radiation

when is there a mutation

During DNA Replication or Protein Synthesis

result of a mutation

A different code results a different protein - could be better or worse.

what can mutations result in

cancer, or genetic disorders.

point mutation

Change at a point in the DNA

• Substitutions

• Insertions

• Deletions

chromosomal mutation

Change of the chromosome number or structure.

substitution

The replacement of one nucleotide with another

Most have a negative effect

• Changes 1 codon = different amino acid in the protein

• Changes codon to a stop codon = an unfinished protein

silent mutation

substitution results in the same amino acid

base insertion/ deletion

• Causes every codon after the mutation site to be changed AND changes every amino acid too

sickle cell anemia

Substitution Mutation

Results tissue/organ damage BUT can protect against malaria