Blood, Heart, and Circulation

Flashcards covering the vocabulary terms in the Blood, Heart, and Circulation lecture.

Respiratory Gases

A function of the circulatory system involving transportation.

Hormonal Regulation

A function of the circulatory system involving regulation.

Clotting

A function of the circulatory system involving protection.

immunity

A function of the circulatory system involving protection.

Cardiovascular System

Major component of the circulatory system, including the heart and blood vessels.

Arteries

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart.

Blood Plasma

The fluid component of blood, making up about 55% of its volume.

Arterial Blood

Bright red, oxygenated except for blood going to the lungs

Venous Blood

Dark red, deoxygenated except for blood coming from the lungs

Plasma Proteins

Makes up 7 to 9% of the plasma.

Albumin

Plasma protein that creates osmotic pressure to maintain blood volume and pressure.

Fibrinogen

Plasma protein that helps in clotting after becoming fibrin

Erythrocytes

Red blood cells, flattened, biconcave discs that carry oxygen.

Hemoglobin

Protein in red blood cells that stores Fe for O2 binding

Anemia

Abnormally low hemoglobin or RBC count

Anti-A antibodies

Antibodies in Type B blood

Anti-B antibodies

Antibodies in Type A blood

Agglutination

When a person receives the wrong blood type, antibodies bind to erythrocytes

Rh factor

Antigen D or Rho(D)

Erythroblastosis fetalis

Occurs in future pregnancies as antibodies cross the placenta and attack fetal RBCs.

Arterioles

Control blood flow through the capillaries through vasoconstriction and vasodilation

Capillaries

Where gases and nutrients are exchanged between the blood and tissues

Venules

Collects blood from capillaries

Right atrium

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body

Left atrium

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

Right ventricle

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Left ventricle

Pumps oxygenated blood to the body

Pulmonary Circulation

Between heart and lungs

Systemic Circulation

Between heart and body tissues

Atrioventricular (AV) valves

Located between the atria and the ventricles; prevent backflow

Tricuspid valve

Between right atrium and ventricle

Mitral valve

Between left atrium and ventricle

Semilunar valves

Located between the ventricles and arteries leaving the heart; prevent backflow

Heart Sounds

Produced by closing valves

Systole

Contraction of heart muscles

Diastole

Relaxation of heart muscles

Intercalated discs

Cardiac muscle cells are interconnected by gap junctions

Myocardium

Area of the heart that contracts from one stimulation event

SA node

Sinoatrial node - pacemaker; located in right atrium

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)

Records the electrical activity of the heart by picking up the movement of ions in body tissues in response to this activity.

Arrhythmias

Abnormal patterns of electrical activity that result in abnormalities of the heartbeat.