Exam 5 Medical Terminology

NERV/O

(nĕr‐vō)

Nerve

NEUR/O

(nū‐rō)

Nerve, sinew

CRANI/O

(krā‐nē‐ō)

Cranium

CEPHAL/O

(sĕf‐ă‐lō)

Head

ENCEPHAL/O (ĕn‐sef‐ă‐lō)

‐ENCEPHALON (en‐sef‐ă‐lŏn)

Brain

CEREBR/O

(sĕr‐ĕ‐brō)

Cerebrum, brain

CEREBELL/O

(sĕr‐ĕ‐bĕl‐ō)

Cerebellum

PONT/O

(pŏn‐tō)

Pons (of the brain), bridge‐like structure

LIMB/O

(lim‐bō)

Limbic system, border

HIPPOCAMP/O

(hip‐ŏ‐kam‐pō)

Hippocampus, seahorse

THALAM/O

(thăl‐ăm‐ō)

Thalamus (mass of gray matter located in the diencephalon), chamber, inner room

AMYGDAL/O

(ă‐mig‐dă‐lō)

Amygdala (almond‐shaped nuclei in the temporal lobe), almond, tonsil

NUCLE/O

(nū‐klē‐ō)

Nucleus (group of neuronal cell bodies), core, little nut or kernel

MENING/O (mĕn‐ĭn‐gō)

‐MENINX (mē‐ningks)

Meninx (one of the three membranes enveloping the brain and spinal cord), membrane

LEPT/O

(lĕp‐tō)

Thin

PACHY‐ (pak‐ē)

PACH/O (pak‐ō)

Thick

ARACHN/O

(ă‐rak‐nō)

Arachnoid membrane, spider, spider‐like

DUR/O

(dū‐rō)

Dura mater membrane, hard

LOB/O

(lō‐bō)

Lobe

GYR/O

(jī‐rō)

Gyrus (a convolution of the cerebrum), circle, ring

SULC/O

(sŭl‐kō)

Sulcus (groove of brain), furrow, groove

FISSUR/O

(fi‐shoor‐ō)

Fissure, deep groove

FID/O (fĭ‐dō)

FISS/O (fĭ‐sō)

Split, cleave

VENTRICUL/O

(ven‐trik‐yŭ‐lō)

Ventricle, small cavity

COEL/O (sē‐lō)

CEL/O (sē‐lō)

Cavity, hollow

CORTIC/O

(kor‐tĭ‐kō)

Cortex (cerebrum), outer layer, bark

MYEL/O

(mī‐ĕ‐lō)

Spinal cord, marrow

MEDULL/O

(mĕ‐dŭl‐ō)

Medulla, marrow

POLI/O

(pōl‐ē‐ō)

Gray, gray matter of CNS

FASCICUL/O

(fă‐sik‐yŭ‐lō)

Fascicle, bundle of longitudinal fibers

FUNICUL/O

(fū‐nik‐yŭ‐lō)

Funicle, rope‐like

FUN/O

(fū‐nō)

Rope, cord

RADICUL/O (ră‐dĭk‐ū‐lō)

RADIC/O (răd‐ĭ‐kō)

Nerve root, root

RHIZ/O

(rī‐zŏt‐ō)

Nerve root, root

RAM/O

(rā‐mō)

Nerve branch, branch

PLEX/O

(pleks‐ō)

Plexus (interwoven network of nerves, blood, lymphatic vessels)

GANGLI/O

(gang‐glē‐ō)

Ganglion (groups of nerve cells)

GLI/O

(glī‐ō)

Glia (supporting tissue of the nervous system), glue

SOMAT/O (sō‐măt‐ō)

SOM/O (sō‐mō)

‐SOME (sōm)

Body (body of neuron)

DENDR/O

(dĕn‐drō)

Dendrite (part of neuron), tree, branched structure

AX/O

(ak‐sō)

Axon (long process of a neuron), axle, axis

NOT/O

(nōt‐ō)

The back

SPIN/O

(spī‐nō)

Spine, thorn, vertebral column

VERTEBR/O

(vĕr‐tĕ‐brō)

Vertebra, back bone

SPONDYL/O

(spŏn‐dĭ‐lō)

Vertebra

ESTHESI/O (ĕs‐thē‐zē‐ō)

ESTHET/O (ĕs‐thĕt‐ō)

‐ESTHESIA (es‐thē‐zh‐ē‐ă)

Sensation, perception

GNOST/O (gnos‐tō)

‐GNOSIA (gnō‐sē‐ă)

‐GNOSIS (‐gnō‐sĭs)

Knowledge

MNEMON/O (nē‐mŏn‐ō)

‐MNESIA (mnē‐zhă)

Memory

LETH/O

(lē‐thō)

Forgetfulness

LETHARG/O

(lĕth‐ăr‐gō)

Mental sluggishness, drowsiness

TOP/O

(tō‐pō)

Place, spot, region

STERE/O

(ster‐ē‐ō)

Solid, three‐dimensional

KINESI/O (kĭ‐nē‐sē‐ō)

KINE/O (kin‐ĕ‐ō)

‐KINESIA (kī‐nē‐zhē‐ă)

Movement

MOT/O

(mōt‐ō)

Movement

PRAXI/O (prăk‐sē‐ō)

‐PRAXIA (prak‐sē‐ă)

‐PRAXIS (prăk‐sĭs)

Activity, doing, practice

TAX/O

(tak‐sō)

Coordination, order

TON/O

(ton‐ō)

Tension, stretching, tone (esp. in muscles)

SPASM/O (spaz‐mō)

SPAST/O (spas‐tō)

Spasm (a sudden involuntary muscle contraction)

LEPS/O (lep‐sō)

LEPT/O (lĕp‐tō)

‐LEPSY (lep‐sē)

Seizure

ICT/O (ik‐tō)

‐ICTAL (ik‐tăl)

Seizure, stroke (CVA), Blow

PYKN/O (pĭk‐nō)

PYCN/O (pĭk‐nō)

Thick, dense, frequent

PLEG/O (plĕg‐ō)

‐PLEGIA (plē‐jē‐ă)

PLECT/O (plĕk‐tō)

‐PLEXY (plĕks‐ē)

Paralysis, stroke

PALSY

(pal‐zē)

Paralysis

‐PARESIS

(pă‐rē‐sĭs)

Partial paralysis

STHEN/O

(sthĕ‐nō)

Strength

CLON/O

(klō‐nō)

Clonus (i.e. spasmodic alteration of muscle contractions)

CHORE/O

(kō‐rē‐ō)

Chorea (i.e. involuntary dancing/writhing movement), dance

NARC/O

(nar‐kō)

Stupor, sleep

HYPN/O

(hip‐nō)

Sleep

SOMN/O

(som‐nō)

Sleep

SOPOR/O

(sō‐pŏ‐rō)

Sleep

COMAT/O (kō‐mă‐tō)

‐COMA (kō‐mă)

Coma (i.e. state of unconsciousness that cannot be aroused from)

LAL/O (lăl‐ō)

‐LALIA (lā‐lē‐ă)

Speech

PHAS/O (fā‐zō)

‐PHASIS (f‐ā‐sĭs)

‐PHASIA (fā‐z‐ē‐ă)

Speech

PHRAS/O (frā‐zō)

‐PHRASIA (frā‐zē‐ă)

Speech, phrase

LEX/O

(lek‐sō)

Word, speech, reading

LOG/O (log‐ō)

‐LOGY (l‐ŏ‐jē)

Speech, reason, word (‐logy: body of knowledge, study of)

PHAG/O (făg‐ō)

‐PHAGIA (fā′jē‐ă)

Eat, swallow

VERT/O (vĕr‐tō)

VERS/O (vĕr‐sō)

Turning

TREM/O (tre‐mō)

TREMUL/O (trĕm‐ū‐lō)

Shaking, trembling

OPISTHO‐

(ō‐pĭs‐thō)

Backward, behind

ONEIR/O

(ō‐nī‐rō)

Dream

PSYCH/O

(sī‐kō)

Mind, soul

PHREN/O

(frĕ‐nō)

Mind, diaphragm, phrenic nerve

MENT/O

(men‐tō)

Mind

NO/O

(nō‐ō)

Mind, thought

THYM/O

(thī‐mō)

Emotion, state of mind

PATH/O (pă‐thō)

‐PATHY (pă′‐thē)

Feeling, disease

PHOR/O (fo‐rō)

‐PHORIA (for‐ē‐ă)

Bearing (*in psychology, a mental state in respect to emotional well‐being), carrying, bringing

HEDON/O

(hē‐dō‐nō)

Pleasure

MANI/O (mā‐nē‐ō)

‐MANIA (mā‐nē‐ă)

Frenzy, madness

HALLUCIN/O

(hă‐loo‐sĭ‐nō)

A false sensory perception

PHANT/O (fan‐tō)

PHANTASM/O (fan‐taz‐mō)

Illusion, hallucination

PHANER/O

(făn‐ĕr‐ō)

Evident, visible

PHOB/O (fō‐bō)

‐PHOBIA (fō‐bē‐ă)

Fear, avoidance

PANIC

(pan‐ik)

Panic

NARCISS/O

(nar‐sĭ‐sō)

Self‐love

PHIL/O (fĭ‐lō)

‐PHILIA (fil‐ē‐ă)

Attraction, love (*in psychology, the suffix PHILIA means sexual arousal)

‐LAGNIA

(lăg‐nē‐ă)

Lust, sexual arousal

ORECT/O (ŏ‐rek‐tō)

OREX/O (or‐ek‐ sō)

Appetite