Geog - Nigeria

Where is Nigeria located

West Africa

Climate

South is consistently hot and wet which helps their industries grow. Whereas, in the North, there are long,dry season where droughts occur

Stats about the oil industry

14% of GDP, supplies 2.7% of the Worlds oil, it is the 12th largest producer in the world

When was the Nigeria date of independence

1 October 1960

When was the Nigerian civil war

1967-1970

Why do American companies and corporations want to invest in Nigeria

Companies - investment in new power plants

Corporations - Walmart, Microsoft are all operating in Nigeria

Situation in Nigeria since 1999

Stable government

Ethnic groups in Nigeria and their percentages

Yoruba (21%), Hausa + Fulani (29%), Igbo ( 18 %)

Main religions in Nigeria

Christianity, Islam and traditional African religions

Impacts of recent inequality within Nigeria

Created new religious and ethnic tensions

Numbers of children attending school in urban and rural areas

Urban : 60% Rural : 36%

How large is Nigeria’s economy

It is the 21st largest economy in the world

Population

182 million

Lagos is the … densely populated city in the world

4th

Reasons for decline in agriculture

Employment in agriculture has steadily decline due to the increased use of machinery and competition from other forms of employment. Rural to urban migration has also led to a decline in the industry.

Reasons for growth of manufacturing and services

Due to increased political stability. Other countries have invested in Nigeria which has, in turn, lead to the growth of the manufacturing and services sector.

Stats of manufacturing sector and how is it effecting development

In 2020, the manufacturing secto accounted for 52% of Nigerians GDP. The growth in this industry has led to the multiplier effect. The tax revenue increases because more people are in formal employment, which boosts the economy. People have a steadier income which increases the market for purchasing products such as electrical appliances and cars. chemical by products from oil processing has led to the growth of chemical industries

How does industrial growth affect the environment

Has 5,000 industrial plants, the fast and irregular rate of growth is leading to environmental problems. Harmful pollutants go directly into river channels, which leads to a lack of biodiversity. This contaminates the water which is harmful to people as it can lead to heart problems and it can damage the air and water quality. Deforestation can occur as they need to build more industrial plants

How can urban growth lead affect the environment

As Nigeria is a developing country, urban areas have grown rapidly. Waste disposal leads to poor sanitation levels, therefore leads to a poor quality of life. Rivers become more polluted with harmful pollutants which leads to heart problems

How can commercial farming affect the environment

The forests are cleared for logging, timber etc. As the trees are cut don, they can’t take in carbon dioxide needed for respiration which means there is more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Therefore, this will lead to increasing temperatures in the atmosphere, causing more climate change. This also leads to less biodiversity, and can cause soil erosion as the sun will directly hit the soil, taking the nutrients out

How is waste disposal effected by money

Poorer countries can’t dispose of the waste safely, money may be needed elsewhere eg. Healthcare

How is waste disposal affected by infrastructure

Poor infrastructure such as poor roads in squatter settlements means that Lorries can’t pick up rubbish which will lead to waste disposal

How is waste disposal affected by scale

A large city will generate thousands of tonnes of waste everyday. City populations are growing too quickly for authorities to keep up with

Annual rate of deforestation in Nigeria

350,000-400,000 hectares per year

Location of Nigeria’s oil industry

The oil industry is mainly in the Niger Delta region which is an area of wetlands

TNC’s for Nigeria’s oil industry:

Royal Dutch shell , gave $28.2 million to Nigeria, chevron

How much money did royal Dutch shell give to Nigeria

$28.2 million

What do TNC’s do in Nigeria

They erect drilling platforms on the oil and gas fields in the Niger Delta. The oil from Niger Delta is shipped to Europe and USA where it is refined into petrol and other products

how can debt relief reduce the development gap?

Usually, public healthcare is strained when a country has to pay back debt. So by using debt relief, the receiving country can use the money to help strengthen their healthcare and education, which in turn improves standard of living. Better health can mean that more people can work, improving the economy

Advantages of TNC’s

Provides 65,000 jobs , which leads to higher wage levels. More taxes which the government can spend on improving the quality of life in Nigeria. It also brings expertise into the country and provides new tech. The country will have international links

Disadvantages of TNC’s

Wage levels in LICs and NEEs may be lower than HICs. This can also deplete natural resources and cause environmental damage. Can exert political influence over gov in the receiving country. They can take profits out of the econ to pay

Problems with the oil industry

Oil bunkering - People drill holes in pipelines in Nigeria and sell it on which leaves damage and can also cause pollution

Oil spills - Has a social impact on fishing and agriculture, fishermen have to clean water for 2 hours. Water will become contaminated …

Definition of debt crisis

So much debt is accrued, as well as interest, that it becomes different 2 pay

Definition of debt relief

Consolidating or negotiating you debt to make it more affordable

what is the official development assistance

Given by the government and paid by tax payers. Sometimes unpopular with tax payers

what is the voluntary aid?

Given to individuals or companies and distributed through charities like NGO’s ( oxfam)

what are the two catagories that connect to official development assistance?

Multilateral aid, bilateral aid

what is Multilateral aid?

Given to countries through international organisations ( eg. World Bank)

example of multilateral aid?

Mosquito net project

two categories under voluntary aid?

short term emergency relief, long term development assistance

what is Bilateral aid?

Given directly from one country to another, sometimes its tied aid

what is short term emergency debt relief

To cope with immediate problems caused by disasters ( eg. earthquakes)

What is long term development assistance?

Helps people improve their loves through education, healthcare and agriculture development