Chemotherapy & Radiotherapy

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14 Terms

1
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How many different types of cancer are there?

200

2
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What proportion of people will get cancer?

1 in 2

3
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Main types of cancer and what they are?

  • carcinoma - skin or tissues that line organs

  • lymphoma - cells of immune system

  • leukaemia - blood

  • brain tumours - CNS

  • sarcoma - connective or supportive tissue like bone, cartilage, fat and muscles

4
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What is chemotherapy used for?

to treat and kill cancer cells, or to stop cells from spreading further

5
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Side effects of chemotherapy

  • tired

  • nausea/vomiting

  • hair loss

  • weaker immune system = higher risk of infection

  • sore mouth

  • dry/itchy skin

  • diarrhoea/constipation

6
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What is neutropenic sepsis?

potentially fatal complication of cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy

7
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Mortality rate of neutropenic sepsis

21%

8
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When should you always suspect neutropenic sepsis?

when going to unwell pt who’s have chemotherapy within last 6 weeks

9
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Management of neutropenic sepsis?

  • follow LAS sepsis screening tool and NEWS2 tool

  • pre alert hospital

10
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What is radiotherapy?

treatment for cancer, use of radiation - usually x rays

11
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What percentage of cancer pts will have radiotherapy?

50%

12
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How does radiotherapy work?

damaging DNA of cancer cells but can also affect normal cells

13
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Side effects of radiotherapy

  • tiredness

  • sore, red or darker than normal skin

14
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Management of radiotherapy patients?

  • manage symptoms

  • talk to their care team

  • convey if needed