American Revolution and Early Government

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding the American Revolution, the formation of the government, and the early challenges faced by the United States.

Revolution

Radical or drastic change.

Evolution

Gradual change.

Patriot Elites

Individuals interested in society and government during the American Revolution; largely seen as the leaders of the movement.

Abolition of Slave Trade

The act of completely ending the slave trade, called for by the Continental Congress in 1774.

Articles of Confederation

The first constitution of the United States, adopted in 1777, providing a framework for a loose confederation of states.

Weak Congress

Refers to the ineffective structure of Congress under the Articles of Confederation, lacking an executive and judicial branch.

Shays' Rebellion

An uprising in 1786 by Massachusetts farmers protesting economic injustices, notably against land seizures.

Philadelphia Convention 1787

A meeting intended to reform the Articles of Confederation which ultimately resulted in the drafting of the new Constitution.

Great Compromise

The agreement that created a bicameral legislature balancing the interests of large and small states.

Three-Fifths Compromise

The agreement that three-fifths of the enslaved population would be counted for representation and taxation.

Federalists

Individuals who supported a strong national government and the ratification of the Constitution.

Anti-Federalists

Individuals who opposed the Constitution and favored states' rights and a weaker national government.

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the Constitution that guarantee individual liberties.

Whiskey Rebellion

A 1794 revolt by farmers against a federal tax on whiskey, significant as an early test of federal authority.

XYZ Affair

A diplomatic incident in 1797 between the U.S. and France that led to an undeclared naval war.

Alien and Sedition Acts

Laws passed in 1798 that restricted the rights of immigrants and limited freedom of speech.