Micronutrients - BMI Calculation

B3/Niacin

B3/Niacin

Vitamin B that plays an essential role in energy metabolism

B6/Pyridoxine

Vitamin B that aids in the formation of tryptophan

B12/Cobalamin

Vitamin B that is essential for normal metabolism and growth of all cells. It is involved in myelin formation

Sulfur

Major mineral that maintains protein structure and activates enzymes

Copper

Trace mineral that aids in the formation of hemoglobin and absorption of iron from the GIT

Iodine

Trace mineral that is needed in the production of T4 hormone

Zinc

Trace mineral that enhances wound healing and maintains normal sense of taste

Molybdenum

Trace mineral that is present inbound as a an integral part of various enzymes

Selenium

Trace mineral that prevents Vitamin E deficiency

Chromium

Trace mineral that raises abnormally low fasting blood glucose levels

D3/Cholecalciferol

Sunshine Vitamin; formed in the skin upon exposure to UV rays

Vitamin D

What vitamin promotes absorption of calcium and phosphorous?

Vitamin E

What vitamin acts as an antioxidant and is essential for protection of cell structure especially RBC?

RBC

Deficiency of vitamin E could lead to the destruction of?

K1/Phylloquinone

Vitamin K that is found in dietary sources

K2/Menadione

Vitamin K that is synthesized in the intestine by bacteria and found in animal food

Vitamin K

What vitamin maintains prothrombin level in blood plasma for blood clot formation

Liver is still immature to synthesize Vitamin K for clotting factors

Why is there the need to inject baby with vitamin K immediately after delivery?

Ascorbic Acid

Vitamin C is also known as?

heat

Vitamin C is readily destroyed by?

Vitamin C

Fresh Food Vitamin, vitamin that acts as an antioxidant and is an iron enhancer

Scurvy

Vitamin C prevents what disease?

Refrigeration

This aids in the retention of Vitamin C

B1/Thiamine

Vitamin B that is needed for the metabolism of carbohydrates

Beriberi

Vitamin B1 deficiency causes what disease?

B2/Riboflavin

Vitamin B that is essential for protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism

Cheilosis

A disease caused by a lack of Vitamin B2, characterized by swollen lips and cracked corners of the mouth

Glossitis

A disease caused by a lack of Vitamin B2, characterized by swollen and magenta red tongue

Pellagra

A disease caused by a lack of Vitamin B3, characterized by dermatitis

B5/Pantothenic Acid

Vitamin B that is a component/part of coenzyme A

B7/Biotin

Vitamin B that acts as a coenzyme factor in CO2 fixation

B9/Folic Acid

Vitamin B that aids in the formation of both RBC and WBC in bone marrow and its maturation

Inositol

Pseudo vitamin, also called muscle sugar since its chemistry is closely similar to glucose

Choline

Pseudo vitamin, aids in the transmission of nerve impulses

Egg yolk

The richest food source of choline is?

Calcium

Major mineral that promotes blood coagulation, muscular contraction and relaxation

Magnesium

Major mineral that is essential in cellular metabolism and increases the stability of calcium in tooth enamel

Sodium

Major mineral that maintains fluid and acid-base balance

Potassium

Major mineral that maintains fluid and electrolyte balance. Also acts as a muscle relaxant in contrast to calcium

3.5-5.5 mEq/L

What is the normal potassium level?

Phosphorous

Major mineral that is a component of bones and teeth

Chlorine

Major mineral that contributes to the acidity in the stomach

7.35-7.45 pH

What is the normal pH of blood?

Iron

Trace mineral that is a carrier of oxygen needed for cellular respiration

Manganese

Trace mineral that increases the storage of thiamine/B1

Cobalt

Trace mineral that acts as a constituent of B12

Fluorine

Trace mineral that is formed in the dentine and enamel of the teeth. Effective in the treatment of Osteoporosis

Vanadium

Trace mineral that is involved in the crystal formation of tooth enamel

Precursors/Provitamins

Compounds that can be converted into active vitamins

Preformed vitamins

Vitamins that are naturally occurring and ready for biological use

Avitaminosis

Lack of vitamins

Hypervitaminosis

Vitamin toxicity, excessive accumulation of a vitamin in the body

Vitamin Malnutrition

too much or too little vitamins

Vitamin-like Compounds

Compounds that are present in larger amounts and are partially synthesized in the body

Antivitamins/ Vitamin antagonists

Substances that interfere with the normal functioning of a vitamin

weight (kg) / height (m^2)

What is the formula of BMI?

25.6 (overweight)

Sarah is 5'4" (1.63 m) tall and weighs 150 lbs (68 kg). She is concerned about her health and wants to calculate her BMI. Calculate Sarah's BMI and determine if she falls within the healthy range (18.5 - 24.9).

29.9 (overweight)

John is a professional weightlifter, standing 6'0" (1.83 m) tall and weighing 220 lbs (100 kg). His coach asks him to check his BMI. Calculate John's BMI and discuss whether he falls within the healthy range (18.5 - 24.9).

Retinol

What is the active form of Vitamin A?

Carotenoids

What is the inactive form of Vitamin A?

Recommended dietary allowance

What does RDA stand for?

Vitamin A

What vitamin promotes good eyesight?

Night blindness and xerophthalmia

Deficiency of Vitamin A could lead to?

D2/Ergocalciferol

Vitamin D that is found in plants

Tocopherol and tocotrienols

What are the basic dietary forms of Vitamin E?