Formation and Characteristics of Sedimentary Rocks

Weathering

The process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles through natural forces such as wind, water, and temperature changes.

Erosion

The movement of weathered rock and soil from one location to another, often by water, wind, or ice.

Deposition

The process by which sediments settle out of the transporting medium (like water or wind) and accumulate in a new location.

Sedimentation

The process by which sediments are deposited and accumulate, contributing to the formation of sedimentary rocks.

Lithification

The process that converts loose sediments into solid rock through compaction and cementation.

Clastic Sedimentary Rocks

Rocks formed from the accumulation of fragments (clasts) of pre-existing rocks.

Chemical Sedimentary Rocks

Rocks formed by the precipitation of minerals from solution, often as a result of evaporation.

Organic Sedimentary Rocks

Rocks formed from the accumulation of plant or animal debris, such as coal or limestone.

Sedimentary Rock Characteristics

Sedimentary rocks typically display features like layering, fossils, and a variety of textures.

Geological History

The study of Earth's past through the analysis of rock layers and formation processes.