Chapter 14 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

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7 Terms

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RNA vs DNA

strands, sugar, nitrogenous bases

  • RNA has one strand, DNA 2

  • RNA has ribose, DNA has deoxyribose

  • RNA has uracil instead of thymine

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what are the monomers of DNA and RNA? of proteins?

nucleotides, amino acids

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Transcription

template: DNA

synthesizes: mRNA

location: nucleus

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Translation

template: RNA

syntehsizes: polypeptide

location: ribosomes in the cytosol

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central dogma

Genes program protein synthesis via genetic messages in the form of messenger RNA; DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into RNA.

(DNA —→ RNA —→ protein)

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how many amino acids are there?

20 amino acids

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Which strand is used to produce an mRNA transcript

template strand