Studied by 5 peoplewho provides quality care rather than just doing a job
nursing assistants
who does an LA provide care to
a resident
the most important role on a health care team
the LNA
what does a health care team consist of?
members who have different training and experience to provide care
examples: resident, registered nurse, doctor, physical therapist, medical Social Worker ect
what are the OBRA regulations of 1987
laws that help stop poor care and abuse in long term care facilities
nursing assistants require 75 hours of training, take classes to learn skills/sets requirements for training
what are the principles of care
privacy, safety , dignity, infection control, care, independence
What an LNA is allowed to do?
anything in her skill range
bathing, feeding, dressing
How is behavior influenced?
medication, disease, past
What are the stages of human growth and development?
infancy (0-12 months)
toddler (1-3)
preschool (3-5)
School (5-10)
pre adolescence (10-12)
adolescence (12-18)
you adult (18-40)
middle adulthood (40-65)
late adulthood (65+)
What are the elements of communication?
sending a message , receiving a message, providing feedback
How do you deal with patients behavioral Issues?
stay calm, notify the nurse, Keep others safe:
-If necessary; Set up a care plan
What do you do when walking into a blind residents room?
identify yourself, use imaginary clock, do not move furniture
How are health care decisions made?
made based off family, LNA's input on how they function
What are some legal Issues that affect LNA's?
code of ethics, residents rights, labIlity
What was the law congress passed in 1991?
the patient self- determination act - requires health care agencies receiving funds to give info on rights relating to advanced directives
HIPPA?
Who should residents complain to?
LNA who can then tell the nurse
What are basic physical needs for life?
food, water, shelter, sleep, activity , comfort
What is an open ended question?
a question that requires more than a "yes" or "no" answer
What are bridges in communication?
What is subjective reporting?
information that is opinion based/symptoms
Why is pain the most unreported symptom among the elderly?
everyone deals with pain a different way, some people don't want to express that they are in pain
Where do nursing assistant records?
On an ADL or flow sheet- document all care plan
How do you control the spread of disease?
By washing you hands
What are bloodborne pathogens?
microorganisms in blood that can cause in an infection
transmitted when infected blood enters the blood stream
Where are germs found?
everywhere
What is direct contact?
a way pathogen are transmitted through touch of the infect person or areas
When should you wash your hands?
arriving at work
when hands are soiled
before+after contact with residents
before putting on gloves <del>+</del> after taking them off
What are biohazard wastes?
a box to place sharps after use such as razors, needles and other sharp objects
What is the use and risk of restraints?
use- restrict falls, keep people from hurting themselves, keep confused people from wandering
risks- injuries, reduced blood circulation, constipation, dehydration
what do if a fire alarm goes off?
remove anyone in dander, activate call 911, contain the fire by closing door and windows, extinguish the fire
PASS- Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
What to do if you're transferring a patient and and his legs let go and he begins to fall?
lower him slowly to the ground and wait until leg is ready to move
who do you to take rectal temperature on?
someone who is unconscious, missing teeth, difficulty breathing, has been vomiting
About vital signs
measurement that monitor the function of the bodies organs
body temp, pulse, respirations, blood pressure
the first sign someone is ill may be a change in vital signs
Proper body mechanics
techniques that prevent injury- alignment, base of support, center of gravity
Keep back straight, bend at knees, keep wide stance, and keep objects close to body
about the effects of limited activity
constipation, UTI, blood clots, pressure injuries, contractures
Normal range of vital signs:
pulse (60-100)
respiration (12-20)
BP (90-119/60-79)
mouth (97.6-99.6)
rectum (98.6-100.6)
armpit (96.6-98.6)
forhead (97.2- 100.1)
ear (96.6- 99.7)
about decubitus
Which areas of the body is #1 for breaking down when on bed rest?
skin
How to position a patient?
change positions help prevent pressure injuries- change very 2 hours
supine (on back), lateral (side), prone (on stomach), fowlers (semi-sitting), sims (left side with lower arm below back and leg toward chest)
About good mouth care
brushing teeth, tongue, gums, flossing, caring for lips and dentures
What to keep in mind when a patient dresses after their care?
let them so as much as possible + let them have enough time and let them choose their clothing
Why a person should bathe?
to promote dignity and to stay clean and increase circulation
What are safety issues during bathing?
wet floors, slipper tub, electrical appliances out, leaving the resident alone
Order of PPE application
gown, mask, goggles, gloves
Order of PPE removal
gloves, goggles, gown, mask
What is the use of ROM exercises?
used to prevent contractures
start with upper part of the body before moving to the lower body
What is abduction?
moving a body part away from the midline of the body
What do you do when transferring a patient without using a mechanical life?
use proper body mechanics, move the stronger side first
What is the food pyramid?
visual representation of how different foods and drinks contribute towards a healthy balanced diet.
How do you record intake of meals?
by percentage of how much was eaten- intake+ output chart
What do you do when someone voids?
observe if its cloudy, dark, strong smelling and it it causes pain to the resident
what precautions should be taken when a patient has Foley catheter?
about peri care
clean from front to back
use small amount of soap + clean cloths
how do you collect a urine specimen?
have the resident void into a bedpan and have container with a lid ready for when you need it
about CHF and IDDM
congestive heart failure- when the heart fails to pump effectively
right side - weakness, edema in ankles, irregular heartbeat
left side - coughing, rapid pulse, orthopnea (shortness of breath)
What is the purpose of heat application?
What is HIV?
human immunodeficiency
virus -damages/destroys cells
can be harmful to NA’s if an contact with contaminated body fluids
What is Alzheimer’s disease?
an incurable disease that causes buildup of never cells in the brain
mild, moderate, severe - approach from front, use you name + theirs, don’t take things personally
How do you handle mealtime with some with dementia?
use cues to help with eating, allow time to chew, and place food and drink within reach
What are the stages of death?
low blood pressure, dyspnea, loss of feeling, loss of vision and confusion
What are some responsibilities of a Home Health Aid when doing home care?
personal care, clean, cook and do laundry
What are the most important principles of care?
How do you be a team member?
report to team leader throughout the day, be professional and be trustworthy
How do you care for an elderly resident?
help with needs, provide safety, observe + repot to
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Flashcard (20)