adaptive immunity part 2

Which cells play a role in cell-mediated immunity

• T cells

• B cells

How do T cells see antigens

• they need to be presented and some of those APC are like B-cells, macrophages, dentritic cells

• they are presented to the t cells receptor which is attached to a CD marker

how do T cells become activated

Dendritic cells active T cells because T cells have CD4 & 8 and dentritic cells present Ag on either MHCI or MHCII

Explain dentritic cells extension

they have cell extensions that reach across mucous membranes to sample the surface

Th(CD4) cells recognize antigens bound to what

MHCII

Tc(CD8) cell recognize antigens bound to what

MHCI

What do activated Th cells do?

Activated Th cells help activate B cells and Tc cells, macrophages, release cytokines

What do activated Tc cells do?

kill cancer cells

induce virally infected cells - apoptosis

What are toll like receptors

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system by recognizing patterns found on pathogens, thereby initiating immune responses.

The type of TLR that is bound determines the phagocytes response

meaning that influences the type of response that a T helper has

What are the responses that T cells can have due to TLR

• receive from Th (CD4)

• Th 17 - extracellular

• Th2 - multicellular

• Th1 - intracellular

primary lymphoid organ

• thymus

• bone marrow

How do immune cells recognize cancerous cells

• most cells have MCHI proteins

• cancer cells display abnormal proteins on their MHCI receptors