Media and Crime Lecture Notes

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A collection of vocabulary flashcards derived from the lecture notes on media and crime.

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24 Terms

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Media's Role

Shapes public opinion and fear of crime, influences laws and criminal justice policy, and can misrepresent crime frequency/types.

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Wedding Cake Model of Justice

Illustrates the layers of the justice system, with serious cases at the top and misdemeanors at the bottom.

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Consensus View of Crime

Defines crime as behavior harmful to society.

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Conflict View of Crime

Sees crime as defined by powerful groups.

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Interactionist View of Crime

Views crime as changing with social norms.

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UCR (Uniform Crime Reports)

Official crime reports from law enforcement agencies.

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NCVS (National Crime Victimization Survey)

Victimization surveys that include unreported crimes.

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Self-Reports

Data collected from offenders about their own criminal activity.

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Triangulation

Using multiple methods together to create a more complete crime picture.

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Criminal Justice Funnel

Illustrates that many cases do not result in imprisonment, with many dropped or plea bargained.

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Rational Choice Theory

Suggests crime is a choice based on a cost-benefit analysis.

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Social Disorganization Theory

Argues that weak neighborhoods lead to more crime.

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Strain/Anomie Theory

Proposes that crime occurs when individuals face blocked goals.

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Differential Association Theory

States that crime is learned through social interactions.

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Life Course Theory

Suggests that crime changes throughout an individual's life.

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Labeling Theory

Proposes that societal labels can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy.

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Broken Windows Policing

Theory that ignoring small crimes leads to larger ones.

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Evidence-Based Policing

Policing strategies guided by data and research.

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Police Subculture

Refers to the shared values and norms within police departments.

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Indigent Defense

Legal assistance provided to those who cannot afford a lawyer.

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Plea Bargaining

An agreement in which a defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge to avoid trial.

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Mass Incarceration

The substantial growth of the prison population since the 1980s, particularly due to the War on Drugs.

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Collateral Consequences

The additional penalties that come with having a criminal record.

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Sentencing Goals

Purposes of sentencing including deterrence, retribution, rehabilitation, and restoration.