Gross Features of Long Bones - Ch. 8

Proximal Epiphysis

1) The end of the bone closest to the body’s center; mostly spongy bone.

Proximal Metaphysis

2) Region between proximal epiphysis and shaft; contains growth plate/line.

Diaphysis

3) The long shaft; made mainly of compact bone for strength.

Distal Metaphysis

4) Region between distal epiphysis and shaft; also has growth plate/line.

Distal Epiphysis

5) The end of the bone farthest from the body’s center.

Articular Cartilage

6) Smooth covering on epiphyses; reduces friction and absorbs shock at joints.

Spongy Bone With Red Marrow

7) Found in epiphyses; contains red marrow (makes blood cells).

Epiphyseal Line

8) Thin line of bone in the metaphysis that marks where the growth plate used to be after the bone has stopped growing.

Compact Bone

9) Dense outer layer of bone; gives strength and protection.

Endosteum

10) Thin inner lining of the medullary cavity; contains bone cells for growth and repair.

Nutrient Artery

11) Main blood vessel entering the bone; supplies oxygen and nutrients.

Medullary Cavity

12) Hollow center of diaphysis; holds yellow marrow (fat storage).

Periosteum

13) Strong outer membrane covering bone; contains blood vessels, nerves, and attachment sites for muscles.