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Psychological Disorder
Disturbance in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that causes distress and impairs daily life.
Vulnerability-Stress Model
A model that explains how genetic predispositions interact with environmental influences to cause psychological disorders.
Comorbidity
The occurrence of more than one disorder at the same time.
Lifetime Prevalence of Psychological Disorders
Approximately 1/3 of individuals will suffer from a psychological disorder in their lifetime.
Abnormal Behavior
Behaviors that cause significant pain or distress and are not a normal response to life events.
Medical Perspective
Caused by physical disease
Psychological Perspective
Caused by a person’s past and present life experiences
Sociocultural Perspective
Influenced by cultural factors.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
A disorder characterized by chronic anxiety without an identifiable source lasting 6 months or more.
Panic Disorder
Characterized by recurrent panic attacks and overwhelming anxiety.
Specific Phobia Disorder
An intense irrational fear of specific objects or situations.
Social Anxiety Disorder
Anxiety in social situations where others might judge, leading to avoidance.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Characterized by persistent thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) to reduce anxiety.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
A trauma and stressor-related disorder marked by recurring distressing memories and heightened anxiety.
Causes of Conditions
Learning, Cognition, Biology, the Brain
Depression
A deep sadness and despair that does not have an identifiable cause and lasts for 2+ weeks
Bipolar Disorder
Individuals alternate between depression and mania every few days to few months
Schizophrenia
A split between mind a reality
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Excesses, such as delusions, hallucinations, incoherent speech, inappropriate affect, bizarre behavior)
Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Deficits, such as apathy, blunted affect, slow movement and speech, social withdrawal
Diathesis-stress model
A theory suggesting that genetic predisposition and environmental stress contribute to the development of disorders.
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
Characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities within an individual.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
A disorder marked by a lack of conscience, impulsive behavior, and disregard for others' emotions.
Anorexia Nervosa
An eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and distortion of body image.
Bulimia Nervosa
An eating disorder involving binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors, such as vomiting.
Binge Eating Disorder
Characterized by binge eating episodes without compensatory behaviors.
Intellectual Developmental Disorder
Characterized by low intellectual functioning of an IQ of 70 or below and difficulties with independent living.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
A cognitive and social-emotional disorder with social deficiencies and repetitive behaviors.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
A disorder marked by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, commonly diagnosed in childhood.
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