Unit 4 Test - AP U.S. History

A set of 55 practice flashcards based on key concepts and events related to U.S. history from the 19th century.

What did Sara Moore Grimke's writings seek to challenge in the nineteenth century?

The division of men and women into separate 'spheres' of activity and influence.

How did Enlightenment ideals contribute to the women's rights movement?

By inspiring Northern women to critique the paternalistic system of the South.

Which group would sympathize with Grimke's concerns about women's rights?

Those who believed that women should act as spiritual guides to their families.

What economic challenges did women face in employment during the nineteenth century according to Grimke?

Women earned only half the amount men did for the same work.

What do the attempts to raise import duties reflect in the 1820 petition by the Virginia Agricultural Society?

Concerns about the financial burden on consumers and farmers.

What was the major concern expressed in the Virginia Agricultural Society's petition?

Taxation on imports that could burden American agriculturists.

In what context can the sentiments expressed in the Virginia Agricultural Society's petition be understood?

Debates over the federal government’s role in the economy.

What did the opening of canals and new roads have the least impact on?

European immigration to the U.S.

Which technology most benefited the expansion of the U.S. transportation network by 1837?

The steam engine.

Which regions' economies did the national system of roads and canals primarily connect?

The East and the Midwest.

What misconception did emigrants have about settled life in the United States?

They believed they would easily gain opportunities and high pay.

What societal change did market revolution trends foreshadow according to the commentary on emigrants?

The emergence of a large and growing population of laboring people.

What did the Methodist Camp Meeting illustrate in relation to reform movements?

The emphasis on individual action led to organized moral and social reform associations.

Which reform movements were reactions against the spread of Enlightenment ideals?

Social movements aiming at improving individual behaviors and society.

What marked a significant output of the social movements represented by the Methodist Camp Meeting?

An increasing distinction between the spheres of home and work.

What aspect of the revival movement reflected Enlightenment ideas?

The belief that the individual played an active role in salvation.

What technological advancement made large city workforce concentration possible?

The perfection of the steam engine.

How did labor system changes in the industrial era resemble those of WWII?

Both created a significant expansion of factory jobs available to women.

How did industrial developments affect regionalism during the antebellum period?

It worsened sectional tensions by creating different regional economic preferences.

Who did Dorothea Dix advocate for in her 1843 memorial?

Insane persons confined under inhumane conditions.

What societal shifts did Dix’s efforts relate to during the antebellum period?

Attempts to match democratic political ideals with social realities.

Who shared concerns similar to those expressed by Dorothea Dix?

Progressives in the early 1900s.

What restrictions persisted in Northern states for African Americans during the antebellum era?

Continued restrictions on citizenship.

What was President James Madison's main concern regarding the Federal Public Works bill?

Its constitutional validity.

What major reason prompted the drafting of the legislation vetoed by Madison?

Westward movement by whites and resulting economic development.

Madison’s veto of the public works bill contributed to what sectional tension?

Discouragement of forming a well-integrated national economy.

Which sentiment does the painting from the Methodist Camp Meeting era reflect?

The U.S. interest in increasing foreign trade.

Which conflict's national attitudes were similar to those illustrated in the painting?

The Mexican-American War.

What was the chief motive behind government removal policies in the 1830s concerning tribal land?

Regional development for growing cash crops.

How can we infer the societal structure of tribes displaced in the 1830s?

Economically successful farming communities.

What was an argument against the removal of American Indian tribes?

Many American Indians had attended American schools.

What did David Walker claim in his 1829 appeal regarding colored people?

They were the 'most wretched' due to the conditions of slavery.

Which group would support David Walker's sentiments in his appeal?

Radical Republicans in the 1860s and 1870s.

Walker’s arguments are best understood in the context of what larger issue?

Sectional tensions over the institution of slavery.

What did Thomas Jefferson refer to in his letter to John Holmes regarding slavery?

The Missouri Compromise.

What event contributed to the 'irritations' Jefferson warned about in his letter?

The acquisition of new territory post-Mexican-American War.

What did the Ograbme cartoon primarily respond to?

Thomas Jefferson’s Embargo Act.

What ongoing debate does the cartoon reflect?

Tariff restrictions vs. free trade.

What argument is found in the sentiment of Judge Smith regarding slaves and defense?

Slaves felt loyalty towards their masters.

What sentiment concerning slavery can be inferred from the excerpt?

An expression of Southern pride in the institution of slavery.

The excerpt's sentiments were likely a response to which event?

The abolitionist criticism of treatment of Southern slaves.

How did sentiments expressed in pro-slavery arguments evolve by the eve of the Civil War?

They formed the basis for defending slavery as a positive good.

What restricted African Americans' citizenship in Northern States?

Anti-black sentiments in popular politics.

How did the election of 1800 impact the vision of the Republican concept of governance?

It marked a return to the republican spirit of 1776.

What conflict did Jeffersonian republicans face as outlined in the excerpt?

The growth of northern industry and regional economic specialization.

What exemplified Jeffersonian ideals as described in the excerpt?

The Louisiana Purchase.

What did the McCulloch v. Maryland ruling establish?

Federal power over state laws.

Which result did NOT come from Supreme Court rulings like McCulloch v. Maryland?

The promotion of regional interests over national concerns.

Which group would likely support the arguments in McCulloch v. Maryland?

Democratic-Republicans in the early 1800s.

What concern led to the Louisiana Purchase, as reflected in the maps?

Access down the Mississippi River to New Orleans.

What issue emerged with westward expansion beyond the Mississippi River?

Conflicts with Native Americans.

What did the maps illustrate about population trends in relation to the economy?

The acceleration of a national and international market economy.