Exam 1 Intro, Pain, Ears, Eyes

ethical principles of beneficence

the obligation to do good and actively contribute to the wellfare of others.

• promoting health

• preventing harm

• removing harm

• patient advocacy

ethical prinicples of nonmaleficence

the obligation to do no harm by avoiding actions that could cause injury or suffering to pts. Requires healthcare to weigh the risks and benefits of treatment

living wills

legal document where pt specifies their preferences regarding medical treatment in case they become unable to communicate their decisions

the concept of ethics

refers to the moral principles that govern behavioir, this includes what is right and wrong, fair or unfair, just or unjust and involves respect for autonomy, justice, beneficence and nonmaleficence.

wellness

a holistic concept involving a proactive approad to health ( physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual )

the concept of health

generally defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social well being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, often considered the current condition of the body and mind

who is reponsible for maintaining and promoting a clients health

the patient, because they control behaviors and lifestyle choices

factors leading to patient noncompliance/non-adherence to treatment regimens

• lack of understanding of treatment

• inconvenience

• side effects

• cultural or personal beliefs

• lack of trust in healthcare

• financial constraints

• depression or denial

• poor communication

• forgetfulness

factors that influence pt learning

• literacy and health

• cognitive abilities

• culture and language differences

• emotinal state

• previous knowledge

• communication style of healthcare provider

• enviroment

• motivation and readiness to learn

what are adverse effects of opiod analgesics (such as morphine) that nurses should be aware of

assess respirtory rate (respirtory depression)

tolerance to pain medication

higher dose to achieve the affected pain relief

what are ways we access pain and the use of preventative pain measures

SEEPOT

hwo often should clincial examinations for family members at risk for glaucoma occur?

regularly 1 time a year

adminstration of eyedrops to patients with glaucoma can experience

dry mouth

what are floaters in the visual field indicative of?

rentinal detatchmenat

otitis externa

basic ear infection that can cause ear pain, redness and swellling, discharge, itching ear, possible hearing loss, tenderness, swollen ear canal

menieres disease

chronic inner ear disorder affecting balance and hearing due to abnormal fluid buildup in the inner ear

communication techniques for clients with significant hearing loss

• face the patient

• speak clearly and slowly but dont shout

• reduce background nosie

• use gestures and facial expressions

• wrtie down information

• use assistive devices

• adequate lighting

• ask for confirmation

Rinne test

place tuning fort on mastoid bone for bone conduction and then move to the front of the ear canal for air conduction

weber test

tuning fork placed on the forehead or midline of the skull ( which ear is the sound heard the loudest)

otoscpic exam normal findings

• pearly gray TM

• visible cone of light

• no discharge or bulging