psychology

stage 1 of piagets 4 stages of develpoment - sensorimotor

sensorimotor age birth to 2yrs, where infants explore their world through their senses and actions.

object permanance

when the infant will understand that objects still exists even though they cannot see it.

goal directed behaviour

the infan will develop the ability to perform and successfully complete a sequence of actions with a goal in mind.

Stage 2 - pre operational of piagets 4 stages of develpoment

preoperational age 2 to 7yrs, when thinking becomes more complex and sophisticated and can mentally present objects and experiences.

symbolic thinking

the child develops the baility to use symbols that represent objects that do not exist in the moment, replicating it. e.g broom for a horse.

egocentrism

when the child only thinks and percieves the world from only their point of view.

animism

is the belief that which everything that exists has a conciousness.

transformation

children begin to understand that objects can change from one form/state to another, e.g playdoe, water being frozen.

contraction

children can only focus on aspects of a tasks at a time, e.g sortibg colours and sizes.

reversibility

when the child develop the ability to mentally follow a sequence of events back to a starting point, towards the end of the pre operational stage.

stage 3 - concrete operational of piagets 4 stages of develpoment

concrete operational ages 7-12yrs, the child is now capable of logical thought and mental operations, such as counting or even without it needing to happen.

conservation

children understand that certain properties of an object remain the same even though its appearance changes, e.g the water being tipped into the different size glasses.

classification

children should be able to organise objects or events into categories based on features that set them apart from other categories/different features that seperate them.

stage 4 - formal operation of piagets 4 stages of develpoment

formal operation ages 12 and over, life experience enable the individual to have more suphisticated thinking and a more complex thought process.

abstract thinking

individual does not need to see, experience or manipluate things in order to understand them.

idealistic thinking

the individual strives to be like their ideal person by thinking about the most desirable of themselves and others.

logical thinking

to interpret problems, identifty suitable problem solving strategies and arrive at realistic solutions.

nature vs nurture

nurture is the way you develop based off of your envirnoment and people u surround yourself with, nature is genes that your parents/ guirdians have which you inherate.

sensitive and critical periods

sensitive periods is a period of time during development when and individual is more responsive to learn certain types of environmental experiences or learning. critical period is a period in development which an organism is most vulnerable to the deprivation or absense of certain environmental stimuli or experiences.

difference between sensitive and critical periods

critcial periods are narrow where specific functions or skills MUST be learnt, sensitive periods are optimal development for a specific function or skill to be learnt in the fastest easiest way.

cognitive development

jean piagets theory

stranger anxiety

seperation anxiety

secure attachment

insecure resistant

insecure avoidant attachment

the BPS ( the biopsychosocial model)

biological factors

psychological factors

social factors

emotional development