Matching Quiz Nine

Anarchistic

Political doctrine according to which the state is both unnatural and unjustifiable, because it violates the rights or well-being of individuals

Anomie

Sociological term designating a condition in individuals or societies characterized by a loss of direction, meaning, values, and norms.

Atomism

Ontological theory, the view that the ultimate building blocks of reality are basic, irreducible particles of matter-atoms

Communism

Political theory that advocates the abolition of private property and asserts that goods must be held in common and that the ideal social unite is the commune.

Distributive Justice

Form of justice that is achieved in a society when the opportunities and material goods of the society are fairly distributed in ways that recognize both the contributions and the needs of all members of the society.

Entitlement

Used by philosophers in recent years to designate the good reasons by virtue of which a person can justify his or her beliefs and is therefore entitled to claim them as knowledge

Eugenic

The advocacy of controlled breeding to improve the human race

False Consciousness

Coined by Marx’s colleague, Fredrich Engels, designating the mentality formed by ideology, with the result that individuals in such a state of consciousness are motivated to think and act in ways that are not in their best interest, but in the interest of their oppressors

Legal Positivism

View that justice and legal legitimacy are defined exclusively by the established political powers.

Liberalism

Political view that advocates a democratic government and asserts that the state has a legitimate right and an obligation to set standards of living below which none of its citizens may be forced to live and to enforce laws providing equal opportunity and distributive justice

Minimal-state

Social idea of certain theorists, according to which the only rights and obligations a government has are those of protecting the persons and property of its citizens, punishing offenses against those citizens, and taxing its citizens to finance these activities.

Organicism

Ontological view that reality is more like and organism that like a machine.

Social Philosophy

The study of the problem of justice, involving questions to the fair distribution of goods and services to members of a society.