CH. 22 Test

Abraham Lincoln

Kentucky, Illinois (16th president)

• self educated

• wasn’t religious but he believed in a God

Radical Republicans

some Northerners

• wanted to punish South hard

Andrew Johnson

Tennessee (17th president)

• grew up poor/orphaned

• self-taught

• “Southern sympathizer”

William Seward

Johnsons’ Secretary of State

• signed a treaty with Russia to buy Alaska

  • $7.2 million

• deal called “Seward’s Folly”

  • people thought it was pointless

  • “nothing there”

  • was a smart purchase for oil

Frederick Douglass

former slave who was a nationally recognized abolitionist

• worked for emancipation of slaves

• the most influential African American leader in the nation

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Founded Women’s Loyal League

• worked to emancipate slaves

• fought for women’s right to an education

• gathered 40,000 signatures to ask Congress to pass a bill to prohibit slavery

Ku Klux Klan

Tennessee 1866

• group of white men (fraternity) who resorted to violence to keep power

• used intimidation and terror

  • physically harmed/murdered people

• symbol: burning of the Cross

Oliver Howard

Union General Oliver Howard

• head of the Freedmen’s Bureau

• founded Howard University (HBCU)

Thaddeus Stevens

leader of the radical republicans (Ohio)

• he had a strong hate for slavery

  • bought slaves to free them

  • strong hate for south

scalawags

former Unionists (Southerners)

carpetbaggers

“sleezy” Northerners

• packed belongings into carpet bags after the end of the war to seek power and profit

Exodusters

those who had just been freed

• were getting married & having kids (assimilating themselves into society)

Susan B. Anthony

Founded Women’s Loyal League

• worked to emancipate slaves

• fought for women’s right to an education

• gathered 40,000 signatures to ask Congress to pass a bill to prohibit slavery

Freedmen’s Bureau

March 3, 1865

• welfare agency for freedmen

  • food, clothing, medical care, education

13th Amendment

emancipated (freed) all slaves

14th Amendment

gave freedmen citizenship

15th Amendment

gave freedmen suffrage (the right to vote)

Pacific Railroad Act

legislation passed by Republicans

• railroads connecting to California & Oregon

  • benefits North

Reconstruction Act

divided South into 5 military districts

• 20,000 troops were patrolling the streets

  • protected many black men from harm from the KKK

• to reenter the Union = adopt 14th Amendment

Impeach

to accuse a public official of a crime; accusation

Union League

organization that allowed black men to organize politically

• militias to protect black communities

• represented grievances to employers and he gov

• mission: build black churches and schools

Black Codes

regulated activities of emancipated black people

• ensure a stable and subservient labor force

  • for a superiority over them

• whites wanted to regain control

  • as in days of slavery

Wade-Davis Bill

Congress tried passing

• 50% of states voters had to pledge allegiance to the Union for the state to rejoin

• Lincoln vetoed

Civil Rights Bill

Republicans passed this bill

• Black people would have citizenship

  • undermine the Black codes

• Johnson vetoed, but was overruled

Force Acts

1870 Congress passed

• protect the rights of freedpeople

Tenure of Office Act

bringing people into office out of their own volition

• violation: bringing friends into gov

Women’s Loyal League

gathered 40,000 signatures to ask Congress to pass a Bill to emancipate all slaves

• later turned into 13th Amendment

  • they didn’t like the Amendments because they only applied to men

Abraham Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction

lenient

• didn’t believe the South ever fully withdrew from the Union

10% reconstruction plan

• 10% of voters pledged allegiance to Union, could reenter

• accept emancipation

Andrew Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction

moderate: but believed that the South never truly left the Union

• reconstruction proclamation: confederates can’t vote if they have property over $20,000

  • could petition 4 pardons from this, Johnson gave a lot

Congress’ Plan for Reconstruction

radical: feared the South wouldn’t learn a lesson and plantation life will be restored

• Wade-Davis Bill: 50% of voters have to pledge allegiance to Union to rejoin