Unit 2: Period 2: 1607-1754 (copy)

Salutary Neglect

The British policy of allowing colonies to self-govern and trading with minimal interference before the French and Indian War.

Mercantilism

An economic theory that emphasizes the role of colonies in providing a favorable balance of trade and control of specie for the mother country.

Navigation Acts

Laws passed between 1651 and 1673 that required colonial goods to be shipped only to England and restricted the colonies' manufacturing.

Wool Act of 1699

Prohibited the export of wool from the American colonies and the importation of wool from other British colonies.

Molasses Act of 1733

Imposed a heavy tax on sugar imported from the French West Indies, leading to colonial resistance.

Bicameral Legislature

Type of legislature in which the legislative body is divided into two houses, as seen in most colonies.

Puritan Immigration

The movement of Puritans to the New World after the restoration of the Stuarts, bringing republican ideals.

Fundamental Orders

Considered the first written constitution in British North America, established by Connecticut in 1635.

Act of Tolerance

Passed in 1649 in Maryland to protect religious freedom for all Christians, though it led to tensions.

Stono Uprising

A significant slave rebellion in South Carolina in 1739 where enslaved people attempted to escape to Florida.

Bacon's Rebellion

A 1676 uprising in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor William Berkeley's administration.

Halfway Covenant

A 1662 Puritan policy allowing children of baptized but unconverted parents to be baptized, reflecting a declining religious fervor.

First Great Awakening

A wave of religious revivalism in the 1730s and 1740s in the colonies, emphasizing emotionalism in religious practice.

Benjamin Franklin

An influential Enlightenment figure in America known for his contributions to printing, science, and civic organization.

South Carolina Slave Population

During the colonial period, South Carolina had a significant proportion of enslaved Africans compared to European settlers.

Georgia's Founding

Established by James Oglethorpe in 1732, initially banned slavery to create a refuge for the poor.

Proprietary Colonies

Colonies owned by individuals who received land as a royal gift, often converted to royal colonies over time.