Health and illness behavior; social reactions to disease

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Sociology

31 Terms

1
Social control
regulation of human behavior by society
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2
collective behavior
behavior of the group that is deemed acceptable
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3
normative deviance
deviation from the norm that is by choice; often seen as immoral/irresponsible
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4
situational deviance
not by choice; something happened to you and so you are digressing from the norm
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5
“Sick role”
defined by society; out of your control; you will need support and help
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6
What type of illness qualifies the “sick role”?
acute illness, not chronic illness
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7
What is medicalization as social control?
when human problems or processes become defined and treated like medical problems
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8
Harm reduction
meets people “where they are”; focuses on reducing key health impacts without judgement
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9
What are the main examples of harm reduction?
1\.) needle exchange programs

2\.) safe abortion hotlines
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10
What are the 4 main types of stigma?
1\.) Perceived or felt

2\.) Internalized

3\.) Enacted

4\.) Structural
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11
What are the main impacts of stigma?
  • hiding health conditions

  • not seeking care

  • physical harm

  • psychological effects

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12
Health behavior
what we are doing to stay healthy
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13
health
the absence of major illness of injury
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14
What are the main determinants of health behavior?
  1. Knowledge

  2. Attitudes

  3. Self-efficacy

  4. Social norms

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15
Knowlege
having the information needed to act or stop acting
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16
attitudes
having beliefs/perceptions that factor acting or not acting
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17
Self-efficacy
believing that you can or can not do a behavior
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18
Social norms
what others in your community do and what others think you should do
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19
What are the 4 main aspects of social support?
1\.) Emotional

2\.) Instrumental

3\.) Informational

4\.) Appraisal
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20
emotional social support
expression of empathy, love, trust, caring
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21
Instrumental social support
tangible aid and services
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22
informational social support
advice, information, suggestions
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23
appraisal social support
information that is useful for self-evaluation
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24
Illness behavior
different behaviors triggered by the onset of symptoms
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25
True or false: All people behave the same when ill.
False. Illness behavior can depend on culturally and socially learned patterns.
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26
What are 5 factors do people consider when choosing whether or not to seek healthcare for an illness?
  1. Perception of threat

  2. Attractiveness (value gained)

  3. Accessibility

  4. Availability

  5. Acceptability

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27
Disease management
behaviors after diagnosis and prescription of treatment
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28
Compliance
taking/doing a treatment as the health provider intended
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29
What are some examples of compliance in disease management?
  • taking the correct medication

  • taking the correct amount of medication

  • taking medication at the correct time of day

  • taking medication for the correct length of time

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30
What are the 5 main dimensions of adherence to long-term therapies?
  1. Social/Economic

  2. Patient-related

  3. Therapy related

  4. Condition related

  5. Healthcare system related

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31
How does tuberculosis relate to social reactions of disease?
  • tuberculosis is highly stigmatized

  • treatment methods are very complicated (interferes with compliance)

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