OEC 6th Edition Chapter 4

Which one of the following statements about the Incident Command System is true?

A) Each EMS agency can use its own codes and terms.

B) There is a separate commander for EMS, fire, and law enforcement personnel.

C) Each individual responder is accountable to two supervisors.

D) ICS operates with standardized terminology to avoid confusion.

D) ICS operates with standardized terminology to avoid confusion.

Of the five functional areas within the Incident Command System (ICS) structure, the first to be established should be:

A) operations section.

B) incident command.

C) planning section.

D) logistics section.

B) incident command.

The primary function of the incident commander is to:

A) provide overall leadership and direction.

B) assess the nature and scope of the incident.

C) obtain supplies needed to care for all patients.

D) ensure that radio communications are established.

A) provide overall leadership and direction.

The incident commander has assigned you to be the operations section chief. In this role, you are responsible for all of the following except:

A) reducing immediate hazards.

B) restoring the scene to normalcy.

C) participating in the planning process.

D) determining incident objectives and strategy.

D) determining incident objectives and strategy.

Which of the following tasks is not a responsibility of the incident commander?

A) Triaging the injured patients

B) Establishing the incident command post

C) Determining incident objectives and strategies

D) Providing overall management of the incident

A) Triaging the injured patients

All of the following are functional areas of the incident command system structure except:

A) planning section.

B) operations section.

C) transportation section.

D) finance/administration section.

C) transportation section.

In the incident command system, the operations section is responsible for:

A) collecting, assessing, and distributing incident-related data.

B) executing the strategy of the incident action plan.

C) providing financial management.

D) providing support for all functional areas.

B) executing the strategy of the incident action plan.

A formal, organized method for managing an incident, regardless of its cause, size, scope, or complexity, is called:

A) a multi-agency coordination system.

B) a federal incident management system.

C) an incident command system.

D) an emergency strike team.

C) an incident command system.

In the incident command system, which of the following sections is responsible for maintaining all incident reports except for financials?

A) Logistics section

B) Operations section

C) Records section

D) Planning section

D) Planning section

The person responsible for maintaining equipment and ensuring that facilities meet specified needs is the:

A) operations chief.

B) logistics chief.

C) maintenance chief.

D) planning chief.

B) logistics chief.

In the incident command system, the section responsible for maintaining injury, death, and damage documentation as well as maintaining reimbursement records is the:

A) planning section.

B) operations section.

C) logistics section.

D) finance/administration section.

D) finance/administration section.

Which one of the following triage tag indicates the lowest priority for care, "expectant," for a patient at a multiple-casualty incident using the ID-ME triage categories?

A) A yellow tag

B) A red tag

C) A black/gray tag

D) A green tag

C) A black/gray tag

You are transporting a patient at a multiple-casualty incident. The patient has a yellow triage tag. This tag means:

A) treatment of the patient could be delayed.

B) the patient has no injuries.

C) the patient should be with the "walking wounded."

D) the patient has a head injury with altered mental status.

A) treatment of the patient could be delayed.

The most widely used triage categorization system in the world is "ID-ME." This acronym represents the four specific triage categories used by NATO forces, National Disaster Life Support, public safety agencies, and search and rescue groups. The ID-ME triage categories are:

A) immediate, delayed, maximum, and exceptional.

B) immediate, delayed, minimal, and expectant.

C) immediate, detain, minimal, and expectant.

D) immediate, delayed, minimal, and exceptional.

B) immediate, delayed, minimal, and expectant.

At a multiple-casualty incident that is using the START Triage method, you are brought a patient with a red tag tied to his wrist. You should recognize which one of the following?

A) Immediate care and transport of the patient are necessary.

B) Delayed care and transport of the patient are permissible.

C) The patient has a minor wrist injury.

D) The patient is deceased.

A) Immediate care and transport of the patient are necessary.

You are at an outside skiing exhibition when a spectator bleacher collapses. Several injured people are walking around with various injuries. Which of the following instructions is most appropriate for these ambulatory patients?

A) "Go and wait by the ticket booth at the bottom of the slope."

B) "Sit down here so I can do a quick assessment on you."

C) "Put this yellow tag on your wrist and go to the ticket booth at the bottom of the slope."

D) "Leave the ski area and go to the hospital. Others are hurt more seriously than you."

A) "Go and wait by the ticket booth at the bottom of the slope."

There is a fight involving approximately 20 bar patrons. Weapons were used, and there are varying degrees and types of injuries. The first person on scene has started assessing a person lying on the floor with blood covering his shirt. Quick assessment reveals him to be breathing at 24 times per minute. Which of the following actions should be done next using the START triage method?

A) Assist ventilation with a BVM.

B) Check for a radial pulse or capillary refill[WD1] .

C) Attend to the next patient.

D) Place a yellow tag on his wrist.

[WD1]The book says radial pulse or capillary refill. 30-2-can do doesn't reflect pulse. It is possible to not get a pulse but still have adequate cap refill

B) Check for a radial pulse or capillary refill[WD1] .

[WD1]The book says radial pulse or capillary refill. 30-2-can do doesn't reflect pulse. It is possible to not get a pulse but still have adequate cap refill

At the scene of a multiple-casualty incident, you are presented with a patient who is not breathing. According to the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system, which of the following actions should you take next?

A) Place a red tag on the patient.

B) Start assisting ventilation with a BVM.

C) Open the airway.

D) Place a black tag on the patient.

C) Open the airway.

You are triaging using the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system, and you find a patient who is breathing 18 times per minute and has a radial pulse. Which one of the following actions should you take next?

A) Check to see if the patient can follow simple commands.

B) Check the patient's blood pressure.

C) Move the patient to the treatment area.

D) Place a yellow tag on the patient.

A) Check to see if the patient can follow simple commands.

In using the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system of triage, which one of the following patients should have a yellow tag applied before being moved to the treatment area?

A) A male with a respiratory rate of 8, no radial pulse, and unresponsive mental status

B) A female with a respiratory rate of 22 and a palpable radial pulse who squeezes your fingers when instructed to do so

C) A female with gasping respirations, no radial pulse, and unresponsive mental status

D) A male with a respiratory rate of 40 and a palpable radial pulse who squeezes your fingers when instructed to do so

B) A female with a respiratory rate of 22 and a palpable radial pulse who squeezes your fingers when instructed to do so

A teen involved in a multiple-casualty incident is found lying on the ground with an obvious deformity to his left thigh. Using the START system for triage, you note that he is not breathing. Which one of the following should you do next?

A) Tag the patient as black; then move on to the next patient.

B) Provide the patient 30 seconds of assisted ventilation.

C) Open the patient's airway; next check for a radial pulse.

D) Give the patient a red tag; next move him to the treatment area.

C) Open the patient's airway; next check for a radial pulse.

While in charge of triage at a scene involving 30 patients exposed to carbon monoxide, you find a young female who is not breathing. After you open her airway and find that breathing does not return, you should:

A) provide her 15 seconds of assisted ventilation.

B) place a black tag on her and move on to the next patient.

C) provide her 15 seconds of CPR and recheck for a radial pulse.

D) apply oxygen and check her mental status.

B) place a black tag on her and move on to the next patient.

When you are placed in charge of the treatment unit at the scene of a multiple-casualty incident, which of the following four patients will you treat first?

A) A confused 69-year-old male with a respiratory rate of 40 and a rapid and weak radial pulse

B) An elderly female patient with a femur fracture and a yellow tag on her wrist

C) A 21-year-old male who goes into cardiac arrest

D) A 13-year-old boy who walked to the treatment area complaining of a severe headache

A) A confused 69-year-old male with a respiratory rate of 40 and a rapid and weak radial pulse

In the acronym "START," the letter "S" stands for:

A) Selective.

B) Safe.

C) Simple.

D) Sophisticated.

C) Simple.

When properly trained in the START system, an OEC technician should be able to complete a patient assessment in less than:

A) 90 seconds.

B) 45 seconds.

C) 60 seconds.

D) 30 seconds.

D) 30 seconds.

Triage

Preliminary assessment of patients or casualties in order to assess urgency of their need for treatment and nature of treatment required

Four common triage cateogires

Immediate (red) delayed (yellow) minimal (green) expectant (black)

SALT Triage System

Sort, Assess, Lifesaving interventions, Treatment/Transport

START Triage system

Focuses on ability to walk, respirations, pulse, mental status. Start by shouting “if you can hear my voice and are able to walk”, request move to specific locations, these who can walk are triaged as minimal (green). The rest are triaged with RPM 30-2-Can Do

RPM 30-2-Can Do

Respiratory rate, perfusion, and mental status. A patient is “immediate” (red) if respirations>30 per minute, capillary refill>2 seconds, or they can’t follow simple commands

National Incident Management System (NIMS)

Standardized framework for responding to and managing emergencies, is a national “all hazards” model for response

Incident Command System

Standardized on-scene all hazard incident management system using modular organization to help responders coordinate and manage emergencies

ICS structure consists of 5 areas

Incident command, operations, planning, logistics, finance

Incident command

First to be established at any incident and managed by IC (incident commander), they provide overall leadership and direction for managing, typically most senior person among initial responders

Operations

Second to be established, responsible for executing strategies. Operation is managed by operations section chief, in charge of reducing immediate hazards, when needed, resources may be formed into strike teams or task forces to perform specific operational tasks

Planning

Determines incident resource needs. Gather and analyze incident related data, probability projections, maintain records

Logistics

Provides support for all functioning areas, responsible for acquiring resources

Finance

Authorize expenditures, negotiates contracts with vendors, reimbursement, other documentation